木炭水蒸气催化气化制取合成气  

Catalyst steam gasification of charcoal for syngas

作　　者：宁思云 应浩[1] 徐卫[1] 孙云娟[1] 尹航 贾爽[1] 刘光华 NING Siyun;YING Hao;XU Wei;SUN Yunjuan;YIN Hang;JIA Shuang;LIU Guanghua(Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF;National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization;Key and Open Lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA;Key Lab.of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China;Dongguan Baida New Energy Limited Corporation, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong, China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所生物质化学利用国家工程实验室国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [2]东莞市百大新能源股份有限公司,广东东莞523000

出　　处：《化工进展》2019年第3期1308-1315,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0601206);广东省引进创新创业团队项目(2016ZT06N467);江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ[2017]47)

摘　　要：以木炭为原料,选用KOH、K_2CO_3、KHCO_3、KNO_3为催化剂,在上吸式固定床气化炉中,进行水蒸气催化气化制取合成气实验。考察了不同催化剂、催化剂用量、水蒸气流量、气化温度对木炭水蒸气气化的炭转化率、产氢率、气体组成体积分数和H_2/CO值的影响。实验通过炭吸收催化剂溶液来负载催化剂,实验结果表明:4种催化剂都可提高木炭气化效率,在浸渍相同质量分数的催化剂溶液下,催化活性顺序为KOH>K_2CO_3>KHCO_3>KNO_3。碳转化率及产氢率都随着催化剂溶液浓度的增加而增大,但浓度过高增加趋势逐渐变缓,催化剂溶液质量分数在4%～6%较为合适。增加水蒸气流量,气体产物中H_2体积分数增大,H_2/CO值增大。升高温度可促进炭气化反应,950℃时碳转化率和产氢率分别达到98.7%和145.23g/kg。实验可得到H_2/CO比1.53～4.09范围间的合成气,可用于合成甲醇、甲烷、二甲醚等燃料。Charcoal catalytic steam gasification for syngas was investigated using a lab-scale fixed bed gasifier to study the effects of different catalysts, temperature, and steam flow rate. Four alkali salts of KOH, K2CO3, KHCO3 and KNO3 were selected to pretreat charcoal. This paper discusses production of syngas from steam catalytic gasification of charcoal in a lab-scale fixed bed reactor, using KOH, K2CO3, KHCO3 and KNO3 as catalysts. The effects of different catalysts, steam flow rate and gasification temperatures on carbon conversion rate, hydrogen production rate, volume fraction of gas composition and H2/CO value of charcoal vaporization were investigated. The method of char absorbing catalyst was used to load catalyst in this work. The experiment used the absorption of potassium salt solution by carbon to load catalysts. The experimental results show that the four kinds of potassium salts can all improve the gasification efficiency of charcoal. With the same mass fraction of potassium salt solution, the catalytic activity of the four catalysts is in the order: KOH > K2CO3 > KHCO3 > KNO3. In addition, the rate of carbon conversion and hydrogen yield production increased with increasing concentration of the catalyst concentration, but the increasing trend slows down gradually. With further increase the trend of high concentration increased gradually, so the mass fraction of catalyst solution was more appropriate in the 4%-6% range. The H2 composition and the H2/CO ratio enhances with the increases of steam flow rate. The rise of temperature can promote carbon gasification reaction and the carbon conversion and hydrogen yield can reach 98.7% and 145.23g/kg at 950℃. The syngas of H2/CO ratio in the range of 1.53-4.09 was obtained. A promising application for biomass is liquid fuel synthesis, such as methanol or dimethyl ether (DME).

关 键 词：木炭 催化气化 合成气 H2/CO比 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]