淋滤水解预处理厨余垃圾的中试研究  

Pilot Study on Pretreatment of Kitchen Waste by Leaching Hydrolysis

作　　者：李英 任丽梅[3] Soomro Abdul Fatah 刘建国 Li Ying;Ren Limei;Soomro Abdul Fatah;Liu Jianguo(Liaoning Key Laboratory of Clean Energy,College of Energy and Environment,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang Liaoning 110136;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education Solid Waste Treatment and Environmental Safety,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;Beijing Chaoyang Circular Economy Industrial Park Management Center,Beijing100024)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学能源与环境学院辽宁省清洁能源重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110136 [2]固体废物处理与环境安全教育部重点实验室(清华大学),北京100084 [3]北京市朝阳循环经济产业园管理中心,北京100024

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2019年第1期18-21,24,共5页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：北京市朝阳区科技计划项目(CYSF1604)

摘　　要：厨余垃圾是我国生活垃圾的主体组分,淋滤水解是较为适合我国厨余垃圾特性的预处理方式之一。通过中试试验,以分类后的厨余垃圾为研究对象,研究了"淋滤水解+挤压脱水"预处理工艺对厨余垃圾的分离提质效果。结果表明:在淋滤水解阶段,控制淋洗液与厨余垃圾质量比2∶1,在高淋滤强度(淋洗泵每工作5 min停止25 min)下,厨余垃圾的水解效果良好。产生的水解液COD约为75 105 mg/L、VFA浓度约为19 815 mg/L、氨氮浓度约为922 mg/L、出水的pH范围为5.87～6.57,适宜厌氧发酵产沼。对固液分离后的固相进行分析,固相残渣减量率可以达到57.96%,含水率约为33%,低位热值约为10 705 kJ/kg,可以通过焚烧进一步回收能量。可见"淋滤水解+挤压脱水"工艺对于厨余垃圾进行预处理是可行的,具有良好的社会效益和环境效益。Kitchen waste is the major component of municipal solid waste(MSW)in China,and percolation is one of the pretreatment method more suitable for the characteristics of it.Studied the effect of the separation and extraction of kitchen waste after“percolation+squeeze dewatering”pretreatment through a pilot test.The results showed that the effect of kitchen waste hydrolysis was satisfied under the high circulating rate(the rinsing pump work for 5 minutes and stops for 25 minutes)in percolation phase.Controlled the quality ratio of effluent to kitchen waste 2:1,the hydrolysate of COD production was about 75 105 mg/L,the VFA concentration was 19 815 mg/L,ammonia nitrogen concentration was 922 mg/L,the range of pH was 5.87-6.57,the hydrolysate was suitable for anaerobic fermentation to produce methane.By analyzing the solid phase after solid-liquid separation,the reduction rate of solid phase residue reached 57.96%,and the moisture content was about 33%,low calorific value was 10 705 kJ/kg,which could be further recovered through incineration.Therefore,“percolation+squeeze dewatering”was feasible for the pretreatment of kitchen waste,which had social and environmental benefits.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 淋滤水解 挤压脱水 淋滤强度 水解液 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]