1980—2015年黑龙江水田旱地转换格局及其水资源效应  

STUDY ON MUTUAL TRANSFORMATION SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERN AND ITS WATER RESOURCES EFFECT BETWEEN PADDY FIELD AND DRY LAND IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE FROM 1980 TO 2015

作　　者：吴文嘉 夏天[1,2] 胡琼 Wu Wenjia;Xia Tian;Hu Qiong(College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室/华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉430079 [2]农业部农业遥感重点实验室/中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业资源与区划》2019年第1期142-151,共10页Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(2016CFB558);农业部农业科研杰出人才基金和农业部农业信息技术重点实验室开放基金(2015001)

摘　　要：[目的]通过探讨黑龙江省耕地内部的时空变化规律及耗水净量空间变化趋势,为预测黑龙江省耕地的发展趋势和进一步优化耕地内部结构提供一定的理论基础和依据。[方法]采用GIS分析等地理学分析方法,分析1980—2015年黑龙江省耕地内部水田和旱地变换过程,并结合耕地耗水量计算探讨了黑龙江各县级市耗水量增减变化。[结果]在面积数量变化上,近35年来黑龙江省水田面积总体呈现持续上升的趋势,旱地面积则经历了由增到减的过程。在空间分布变化上,黑龙江省1980—2015年水田和旱地空间变化都经历了由分散到集中的过程,主要变化区域集中于三江平原和松嫩平原。耗水净量方面在三江平原地区一直处于高水平阶段,而松嫩平原地区自2000年后耗水净量增加趋势渐缓。[结论]近20年来,三江平原地区由于水田的急剧扩张致使耗水量急剧增加,水资源日益紧张,松嫩平原发展水田则因为水资源问题受到局限。By discussing the spatial and temporal variation of the cultivated land in Heilongjiang province and the spatial variation trend of the net water consumption,this study provides a theoretical reference and basis for predicting the development trend of cultivated land in Heilongjiang province and further optimizing the internal structure of cultivated land. It used GIS analysis and other geographic analysis methods to analyze the transformation process of paddy field and dry land in cultivated land of Heilongjiang province from 1980 to 2015. Combined with the calculation of water consumption of cultivated land,the change of water consumption in each county of Heilongjiang province is discussed. The study found that the area of paddy fields in Heilongjiang province had been rising steadily in the past 35 years,and the area of dry land had experienced a process of increasing to decreasing. In the spatial distribution change,the spatial changes of paddy field and dry land in Heilongjiang province from 1980 to 2015 had experienced a process from dispersion to concentration,with the main changes concentrated in the Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain. The net consumption of water had been at a high level in the Sanjiang Plain,while the net consumption of the Songnen Plain had slowed down since 2000. In the past 20 years,due to the rapid expansion of paddy fields in the Sanjiang Plain,water consumption has increased sharply,water resources have become increasingly tense,and the development of paddy fields in the Songnen Plain has been limited by water resources.

关 键 词：时空格局 水田 旱地 耗水量 水资源 

分 类 号：S17[农业科学—农业基础科学]