百年来国内外学者关于第一次世界大战起源问题研究略述  

Review of Historical Researches on the Origin of WWI in Western and Domestic Academic Circles

作　　者：卢晓娜 LU Xiao-na(History Department,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China;History Department,University of California Berkeley,Berkeley California 94131,USA)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]加州大学伯克利分校历史系,加州伯克利94131

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第1期91-96,共6页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家留学基金委"国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目"(201806270029)

摘　　要：第一次世界大战刚刚结束时,一些政客、学者对战争档案进行整理研究,将战争视为是某一参战国的既定政策引起的;也有地缘政治论及均势论者以欧洲为中心,注重研究国际环境及其对一国外交政策、军事策略的影响;新马克思主义学派则认为是根源于世界资本主义的结构性危机引发了战争;而一些新兴学说借助托洛茨基的不平衡与综合发展理论来回答该问题。需要承认的是,国内外学者关于第一次世界大战起源的研究仍存在两点问题,即对文化因素研究的不足及西方中心化倾向。When WWI had just finished, some politicians and scholars thought that the war was caused by the previously long-existing policies of the major belligerent states after they collected and studied war files, while other scholars who put forward the theory of geo-politics and the balance of power as Europe a center focused on the international environment and its effects on one country’s diplomatic policy and military strategies. However, Neo-Marxists argued that the ultimate reason of the First World War was the structural crisis of capitalism. While recently, some new theoriesbased on the ‘Uneven and Combined Theory’ suggested by Trotsky answer the problem.But it must be admitted that there exist some flaws in the scholars’ research on the origin of WWI, namely, theinadequate research on cultural factors and the tendency of western centralization.

关 键 词：第一次世界大战 地缘政治 欧洲均势 资本主义结构性危机 不平衡发展理论 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]