2018年我国天然气发展回顾及2019年展望  

Review of Natural Gas Development in 2018 and Its Outlook in 2019

作　　者：杨晶[1] 刘小丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《中国能源》2019年第2期13-18,共6页Energy of China

摘　　要：2018年我国天然气行业延续旺盛的发展势头,并创多项纪录。工业和发电拉动天然气消费增长再创新高,进口量突破千亿立方米跃居全球首位,全年市场呈紧平衡。国内增产创纪录,互联互通效果显著,LNG接收站投产规模历史最高,储气库建设明显提速,产供储销体系建设初见成效,消费旺季平稳度过。居民与非居民气价并轨建立起市场主导的价格机制,LNG接收站公平开放实现"商业化破冰",市场化交易增添新品种,LNG罐箱开创储运新方式,中俄合作再续亚马尔里程碑。展望2019年,良好发展势头有望延续,消费较快增长但增速放缓,进口能力大幅提升但季节性供应压力仍较大。建议完善矿业权竞争性出让制度,实现更大范围的矿权流转;建立健全天然气管网运营机制;进一步明确日调峰责任,探索可操作的储气调峰商业模式;鼓励先行先试,尽快出台调峰气价。China natural gas(NG)market made great achievements in 2018,created several records.NG consumption growth hit a historical high driving by industry and power generation sectors.NG imports exceeded 100 billion cubic meters to rank first in the world.NG production growth made a new record.Great progress achieved in infrastructure constructions and interconnections.Due to city-gate price mechanism reform,the residential and nonresidential customers could enjoy the same price.LNG terminals firstly became commercially accessible by the third party.New trading products and new transport ways tested in the market.Yamal LNG project was put into operation,establishing the new milestone of Sino-Russia cooperation.NG consumption in 2019 will continuously grow but slower than 2018.NG import will probably expand but seasonal supply short still the issue.We suggest that the regulations of NG mining rights be improved,the new mechanism of pipeline construction and operation be established,the day-peak responsibilities be clarified,and pilot projects of operating commercial gas storage as well as the peak price be carried out.

关 键 词：天然气产供储销体系 天然气政策 回顾和展望 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]