新株型杂交稻高产群体特征分析  

Characteristics Analysis of High-Yielding Population of New-Type Hybrid Rice

作　　者：蔡之军[1] 叶立华[1] 方军[2] 李金军[1] CAI Zhi-jun;YE Li-hua;FANG Jun(Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Science Research, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314016;Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101)

机构地区：[1]浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院,浙江嘉兴314016 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第4期53-56,65,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省嘉兴市重点科技计划项目(2016AZ23029)

摘　　要：以新株型杂交稻嘉优中科1号为供试材料,2016、2017年采用高产栽培措施构建超高产(产量≥13.5 t/hm^2)、高产(13.5 t/hm^2>产量≥12.0 t/hm^2)和对照(12.0 t/hm^2>产量≥10.5 t/hm^2)3个产量群体。对各个产量群体的产量构成特征、茎蘖生长动态、叶面积动态及构成、干物质积累转运等地上部特征进行追踪调查。结果表明,与高产和对照群体比较,超高产群体的总颖花量极显著提高,结实率和千粒重差异不显著;临界期—拔节期有效分蘖的超高产群体茎蘖增加平缓、无效分蘖发生少、高峰苗低、茎蘖衰减平缓、成穗率高。此外,超高产群体的叶面积指数、抽穗期后干物质积累量、收获指数均显著提高。With Jiayouzhongke 1 as the test material, three yield populations were established by high-yield cultivation measures in 2016 and 2017, which were super-high-yield population (yield≥13. 5 t/hm^2), high-yield population (13. 5 t/hm^2> yield ≥12.0 t/hm^2) and CK (12.0 t/hm^2 >yield≥10.5 t/hm^2). We investigated the yield component characteristics, tillering growth dynamics, leaf area dynamics and composition,dry matter accumulation and partition and other characters of aboveground part. Results showed that compared with high-yield population (HYF) and CK, super-high-yield population (SHYF)had extremely significant higher total spikelets, but its seed-setting rate and 1 000 grain weight showed no significant differences. During effective tillering critical period-jointing stage, SHYF showed smooth increase of stem tillers, less ineffective tillering, low peak seedlings, smooth tillers attenuation, high earbearing tiller percentage. Besides, the leaf area index, dry matter accumulation after heading stage and harvest index of SHYF were all significantly enhanced.

关 键 词：新株型杂交稻 超高产 群体特征 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]