稻壳深施对苏打碱土盐分运移特征的影响  

Effect of Deep Application Rice Husk on Salt Transport Characteristics in Soda Alkali Soil

作　　者：王秋菊[1,2] 焦峰 刘峰[1] 宫秀杰[4] 曹旭[5] 常本超[1] WANG Qiu-ju;JIAO Feng;LIU Feng(Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resources,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086;Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Soil Environment and Plant Nutrient,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086;Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]黑龙江省土壤环境与植物营养重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学,黑龙江大庆163319 [4]黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [5]黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第4期86-89,113,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B01-A027);省重大项目(GA14B101-A04;GA16B401);院创新工程(2017ZC14)

摘　　要：[目的]明确苏打碱土深施稻壳对土壤盐分运移特征的影响。[方法]采用模拟试验方法和田间试验调查方法,在稻壳深埋至苏打碱土后,调查灌水和自然干燥过程中不同土层土壤盐分的变化,以及自然气候条件下土壤盐分变化。[结果]模拟试验灌水后土壤盐分有向下淋洗的过程,稻壳深埋处理盐分淋洗量大;干燥条件下,自然状态土壤盐分在表层积聚,稻壳处理上层土壤盐分无明显积聚,土壤盐分在稻壳层下聚积;田间稻壳深施土壤盐分运移特征与模拟试验一致,旱季盐分随水分向地表运移并累积,雨季盐分随水分向下淋洗,有稻壳区下层土壤盐分向上运移被阻隔,上层土壤盐分通过稻壳在土壤中建立的大孔隙向下淋洗,盐分在稻壳层下累积,土壤表层盐分明显下降。[结论]该研究为农业生产中盐渍土改良提供理论依据。[Objective]To determine soil salt transport characteristics after deep application of rice husk.[Method]The simulation test method and field test investigation method were adopted in this paper,investigated the changes of soil salt in different soil layers during irrigation and natural drying and the changes of soil salt under natural climatic conditions after application husk in deep layer soil.[Result]The result showed that the soil salt was washed down after irrigation in the simulated test,and the amount of washing salt was large in the deep application rice husk;Under dry conditions,soil salt accumulated in the surface layer in the natural state soil,and soil salt didn’t significantly accumulated in the upper layer in deep application rice husk,soil salinity accumulated under rice husk layer;the soil salinity transport characteristics of deep application rice husk in field were consistent with those of simulation experiments,salt moved to the surface with water during the dry season,and draft down with water in the rainy season,the migration of soil salt to the upward was blocked in the application rice husk,the salt of the upper soil was washed downward through the large pores established by the rice husk in the soil,salt was accumulated under the rice husk layer,and the soil salt of surface decreased obviously.[Conclusion]The study provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of saline soil in agricultural production.

关 键 词：稻壳 苏打碱土 盐分 阻隔 运移 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]