藏东农牧区家庭结构特征分析——以芒康县邦达乡加尼顶村为例  

Analysis of the Characteristics of Family Structure in the Agricultural and Pastoral Areas of East Tibet: A Case Study of Jianiding Village,Bomda Township,Markham County

作　　者：张雁军 余志坤 Zhang Yan-jun;Yu Zhi-kun(Tibet Academy of Social Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区社会科学院当代西藏研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《西藏研究》2018年第6期57-62,共6页Tibetan Studies

摘　　要：藏东农牧区某些偏远乡村由于受传统观念的影响,家庭结构的变迁极为缓慢,传统家庭结构依然占据主导地位。田野调查表明,目前藏东农牧区的家庭结构主要表现出如下特征:家庭规模较大;家庭劳动力文化水平低、劳动技能缺乏;家庭决策模式主要为户长(家长)决定;传统的早婚以及一妻多夫婚姻习俗依然盛行;家庭子女教育观念较强;农村养老方式以社会养老保险为主;家庭职业结构较为传统。这在一定程度上会阻碍社会经济的发展,政府应依托精准扶贫、教育脱贫、积极的宗教政策、美丽乡村建设等政策措施,积极引导农牧民家庭结构向着整体发展变迁。Based on a field investigation of Jianiding village in Markham country,the paper generalizes some characteristics of current family structure of eastern Tibet.It presents that the family size is large;the lower of literacy of labor and lack of labor skills,the household decisions are generally made by the householder(parents),the traditional concept of early and polyandry marriage is still practiced,emphasis on children’s education,the rural old-age pension is progressing in the direction of the social pension insurance,and the family career structure is traditional.Due to the influence of traditional concepts,the changes of family structure is very slow,and the traditional family structure is still dominant.Finally,a series of policy and proposal that are oriented towards optimizing rural family structure are put forward.There is a trend of strengthening the governmental guidance and support of overall changes of rural family structure by relying on targeted poverty alleviation educational poverty alleviation,and making efforts to improve the changes of rural family structure.

关 键 词：半农半牧 家庭结构 结构变迁 婚姻结构 

分 类 号：C911[经济管理]