磁性可回收氟化石墨烯破乳材料的制备及乳液分离性能  

Preparation of Magnetically Recyclable Fluorinated Graphene and Its Demulsification Performance for Emulsified Oily Wastewater

作　　者：徐海燕[1,2] 任嗣利 贾卫红 王金清 XU Haiyan;REN Sili;JIA Weihong;WANG Jinqing(State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy ofSciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049, China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049 [3]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2019年第3期508-517,共10页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51574217和51675514)资助~~

摘　　要：以氟化石墨烯(FG)为原料,首先制备了水合肼还原的具有一定亲水性的氟化石墨烯(HFG),然后采用溶剂热法制备了可磁性分离的四氧化三铁负载的氟化石墨烯复合破乳材料(HFG-Fe3O4).分别利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对HFG-Fe3O4的形貌、结构和化学性质进行了表征.最后研究了HFG-Fe3O4对含油废水的破乳性能,探讨了影响其破乳性能的主要因素,并对其破乳机理进行了分析.结果表明:HFG-Fe3O4是一种表面负载有Fe3O4纳米颗粒的二维片状材料,在最佳剂量为600 mg/L时对酸性和中性含油废水具有良好的破乳效果.在酸性和中性条件下,主要是利用HFG-Fe3O4与含油废水之间的静电吸引力以及HFG-Fe3O4与沥青质之间的π-π相互作用实现油-水分离.但是,在碱性条件下,HFG-Fe3O4与油滴之间的静电斥力将急剧增大,最终导致破乳效率降低.此外,将磁性回收的HFG-Fe3O4循环利用4次后其乳液分离效率并没有明显下降,表现出优异的循环稳定性.Fluorinated graphene(FG) was firstly reduced by hydrazine hydrate to form the hydrophilic FG(HFG), and then magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were further grafted onto the surface of HFG to synthesize HFG-Fe 3O 4 composite. The morphology, structure and chemical property of the samples were characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD and XPS. In addition, the demulsification performance of HFG-Fe3O4 for oily wastewater was investigated and some affecting factors were discussed in detail. Moreover, the demulsification mechanism of HFG-Fe3O4 was proposed as well. The results show that the HFG-Fe3O4 is one kind of two-dimensional sheet-like material with Fe3O4 nanoparticles being uniformly distributed on its surface. The HFG-Fe3O4 has good demulsification performance on acidic and neutral oily wastewater, and its optimum dosage is 600 mg/L. Under the acidic and neutral conditions, the electrostatic attraction between HFG-Fe3O4 and the oily wastewater, as well as the π-π interaction between HFG-Fe3O4 and asphaltenes are the main forces promoting the oil separation from oily wastewater. However, the electrostatic repulsion between HFG-Fe3O4 and oily wastewater increases drastically under the alkaline condition, and ultimately results in the reduction of demulsification efficiency. What’s more, HFG-Fe3O4 still has excellent demulsification performance after 4 cycles , suggesting it has superior recyclability.

关 键 词：氟化石墨烯 乳化含油废水 油-水分离 可回收性 破乳机理 

分 类 号：O647.32[理学—物理化学]