大学新生核心素养研究  

A Study of College Freshmen's Core Competencies

作　　者：周星宇 包莉莉 ZHOU Xing-yu;BAO Li-li(Communist Youth League Committee,Ningbo University,Ningbo315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学团委,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（教育科学版）》2019年第2期98-103,共6页Journal of Ningbo University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：2017年度全国学校共青团课题专项课题"共青团大中学生一体化分层分类思想引领工作研究"(2017ZX01)

摘　　要：为服务大学新生全面发展,引导其尽快适应高校生活,随机抽取287所高校28860名大学新生为样本,采用自编问卷,调查了大学新生的核心素养现状(包括科学精神、实践创新、人格品质、学习能力、适应能力、文化素养6个因子)。结果发现,大部分学生的核心素养处在中等水平(67.4%);男生的核心素养总体水平显高于女生,在科学精神、实践创新、学习能力、适应能力、文化素养等方面男生均显著高于女生;在人格品质方面,两者不具有显著性差异;不同专业的大学生的核心素养总体水平存在显著性差异;不同特质新生在专业方向选择上存在差异,如人文学科的新生文化素养基础较好,但实践创新能力较弱;选择社会科学的学生,普遍具有较好的科学精神、学习能力及文化素养,核心素养整体水平较好;医科学生整体上在人格品质、适应能力方面表现的较为突出;选择理工科专业的学生,并未在某一方面体现出显著的优势,在人格品质及学习能力方面还需要进一步的提升。上述成果对新生入学教育和专业适应具有一定的意义。This study selected 28,860 college freshmen from 287 colleges to investigate the core competencies in terms of science spirit,practice and innovation,personality,learning ability,adaptability and cultural literacy,using a self-compiled questionnaire,to help freshmen adapt themselves to the college life for their allround personal development.The results showed that the core competencies of most college freshmen reach the medium level (67.4%);that the male participants scored higher than the females,especially in the aspects of science spirit,practice and innovation,learning ability and cultural literacy while there being no significant difference in the personality between them;that a significant difference existed in the overall level of core literacy among college students of different majors while freshmen with different traits demonstrated differences in the choice of majors,for example,those majoring in humanities had better foundation of cultural literacy,but their practical innovation ability was weaker;that participants in social science had higher competent level of scientific spirit,learning ability and cultural literacy;and that those majoring in medicines were more prominent in personality and adaptability while their counterparts in science and engineering had no significant advantages in personality and learning ability that need to be improved.These findings have good implications for college freshmen’s education and professional adaptation.

关 键 词：大学新生 核心素养 综合素质 

分 类 号：G641[文化科学—高等教育学]