偃麦草属植物对小麦的遗传改良研究进展  

Research Progress of Wheat Genetic Improvement Derived from Elytrigia

作　　者：罗小军 李欣[2] 乔麟轶[2] 郭慧娟[2] 贾举庆[3] 张树伟[2] 梅超 畅志坚[2] 张晓军[2] LUO Xiaojun;LI Xin;QIAO Linyi;GUO Huijuan;JIA Juqing;ZHANG Shuwei;MEI Chao;CHANG Zhijian;ZHANG Xiaojun(College of Biological Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Molecular Improvement,Shanxi Key Innovative Platform for Germplasm Enhancement and Molecular Breeding in Major Crops,Taiyuan 030031,China;College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生物工程学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所作物遗传与分子改良山西省重点实验室山西省主要农作物种质创新与分子育种重点科技创新平台,山西太原030031 [3]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2019年第3期482-485,490,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点科技创新平台项目(201605D151002);山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221018-5;201703D211007;201803D421020);山西省农业科学院攻关项目(YGG17123;YCX2018D2YS01);山西省农业科学院作物所青年基金项目(ZZQ1701)

摘　　要：小麦近缘植物偃麦草属中有许多小麦缺乏的优良基因,如抗病、抗旱、耐盐、耐寒、耐高温及优质、高产等基因,通过远缘杂交将其优良基因导入小麦基因组中,对小麦遗传改良具有重要意义。国内外已将偃麦草的抗病、抗逆等多种基因导入小麦中,并获得了一定的研究成果,但对偃麦草属的其他农艺性状如优质、高产等报道较少。围绕偃麦草生物学分类、农艺特性、染色体组成及其在小麦遗传改良中的应用研究进展进行阐述,以期对小麦遗传育种实践中高效利用偃麦草种质资源有所启发。Elytrigia plants contain many excellent genes lacked in wheat,such as disease resistance,drought resistance,salt tolerance,cold tolerance,high temperature resistance,high quality and high yield.It is of great significance to transfer these excellent genes into wheat through wild cross for genetic improvement of wheat.In the world,many genes such as disease resistance and stress resistance of Elytrigia have been transferred into wheat.However,there are only a few of reports on other agronomic characters such as high quality and high yield of Elytrigia.This paper describes the biological classification,agronomic characteristics,chromosome composition and application of Elytrigia in wheat genetic improvement and hopes that new knowledge can be discovered and utilized effectively in wheat breeding practice.

关 键 词：小麦 偃麦草属 染色体组成 遗传改良 研究进展 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]