黔西南喀斯特洞穴沉积物粒度特征分析  

Grain Size Characteristics of Karst Cave Sediments in Southwestern Guizhou

作　　者：张育林 王恒松 程星[1] 涂鑫 张辉华 ZHANG Yulin;WANG Hengsong;CHENG Xing(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;School of Karst Science,Guizhou Normal University,State Engineering Technology Institute for Desertifcation Control Guiyang,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001 [3]黎平县国有石井山林场,贵州黎平557300

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2019年第3期56-59,I0001,共5页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41561064);贵州省科技厅社发攻关项目(黔科合[2016]支撑2841)

摘　　要：通过采集贵州北盘江峡谷石漠化研究区内唐家大洞地下洞穴沉积物土壤和基岩样品,利用MASTERSIZER 2000激光粒度分析仪对土壤样品进行测定,按照乌顿-温德氏粒级标准,利用Folk-Ward公式计算出平均粒径、标准偏差、偏度和峰度等土壤粒径参数,对5个基岩样品进行浸泡溶蚀试验,计算出溶蚀率(R)及溶蚀速率(R_v)。结果表明,北盘江喀斯特地表侵蚀及溶蚀较严重,洞穴向地层裂隙方向以纵向发育为主;洞穴地下河道沉积物分选性较差,土壤样品粒径以黏粒、粉砂、细砂3个粒级为主;洞穴沉积物粒径变化范围不大且分选性较差,沉积物粒径相对较细且分布特征基本一致;根据沉积物表层HJ-01与下层HJ-02至HJ-05粒径分布特征,沉积过程中可能存在降雨量大小两种情况且二者相互交替具有循环性,主要受水文环境与碳酸盐岩溶蚀程度影响。Through selecting samples of sediment and bedrock of Tangjia Great Cave underground cave in the studied area of rocky desertification of Beipan River valley in Guizhou, the paper tested the samples by using MASTERSIZER 2000 particle size analyzer. According to Uddeh-Wentworth Granule Grading Standard, it calculated the soil particle size parameters of average grain diameter, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis by using Folk-Ward formula and calculated the corrosion rate ( R ) and corrosion velocity ( R v) by immersion corrosion tests of rock sample with dilute HCl reagent. The outcomes show that a) the erosion and corrosion of karst surface of Beipan River are serious and cave direction to stratum fracture is mainly longitudinally developed;b) the sediment sorting of cave underground river is poorer and the particles of soil samples are mainly clay, silt and fine sand;c) the variation range of the cave sediment grain size is not great and the sorting is poorer. The sediment grain size is relatively fine and the distribution features are basically the same and;d) according to the characteristics of surface size distribution of sediment HJ-01 and lower layers from HJ-02 to HJ-05, there might be two stages of rainfall and the two alternates with circulation during the process of deposition. In addition, it mainly affected by hydrological environment and the carbonate karst degree .

关 键 词：喀斯特 洞穴 沉积物 粒度分布特征 

分 类 号：P931.1[天文地球—自然地理学]