相变与微裂纹对HMX晶体高温下撞击感度的影响机制  

Influence Mechanism of Phase Transition and Micro Cracks on Impact Sensitivity of HMX Crystal at High Temperature

作　　者：文玉史[1,2] 文雯 代晓淦[1] 温茂萍[1] 龙新平[2] 郑雪[1] 姚奎光[1] 何松伟 李明[1] WEN Yu-shi1;WEN Wen;DAI Xiao-gan;WEN Mao-ping;LONG Xin-ping;ZHENG Xue;YAO Kui-guang;HE Song-wei;LI Ming(Institute of Chemical Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China;China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999 [2]中国工程物理研究院,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《含能材料》2019年第3期184-189,I0002,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院科学与技术发展基金(2015B0101001);中国工程物理研究院双百人才基金;国家自然科学基金(11372292;11702266;51703211)

摘　　要：为了研究高温下炸药撞击安全性中存在的多因素耦合问题,设计了高温炸药撞击感度试验装置,并建立了高温炸药撞击感度试验方法。结合扫描电镜和X射线衍射技术,采用所建立的试验方法,研究了奥克托今(HMX)晶体颗粒高温撞击过程下的响应。结果表明,随着温度升高,HMX晶体颗粒的落锤撞击感度逐渐升高。同时,HMX晶体品质随着温度升高逐渐变差,140℃时有少部分晶体碎裂,180℃时较多的晶体碎裂,当达到200℃时,HMX晶体全部碎裂;HMX的β→δ相变发生在184～186℃。降至常温后δ相晶体逐渐恢复为β相,撞击过程有助于β相的恢复。影响热加载前后HMX晶体颗粒撞击感度的主导因素包括温升、微裂纹和相变,不同影响因素起作用的温度段是不同的。To study the multi-factor coupling problem existed in the impact safety of explosive at high temperature,an impact sensitivity testing installation of explosive at high temperature was designed and an impact sensitivity testing method at high temperature was proposed.Combined with the scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques,the response of octogen(HMX)crystal particles under impact process at high temperature was studied by the established test method.Results show that with the increase of temperature,the drop hammer impact sensitivity of HMX crystal particles increases gradually.Meanwhile,the quality of HMX crystal is gradually reduced as temperature increasing.At 140℃,a small number of crystals are fragmented,and more crystals are fragmented at 180℃.When temperature reaches 200℃,all HMX crystals are fragmented.Theβ→δphase transition temperature of HMX occurs between 184℃and 186℃.After the temperature is reduced to room temperature,δphase crystal gradually returns toβphase,and the impact process is helpful to the recovery ofβphase.The main factors affecting the impact sensitivity of HMX crystal particles before and after thermal loading include temperature increasing,micro cracks and phase transition.The temperature range acted by different influence factors is different.

关 键 词：高温撞击感度 相变 裂纹 奥克托今(HMX)晶体 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560[化学工程—炸药化工]