长薄鳅恶臭假单胞菌的分离鉴定及其感染的病理损伤  

Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas putida from Leptobotia elongate and pathological lesions of its infection

作　　者：白明焕 耿毅[1] 邓龙君 甘维熊 周剑[3] 黄小丽[1] 陈德芳[1] 欧阳萍[1] 赵若璇 谌冰洁 BAI Minghuan;GENG Yi;DENG Longjun;GAN Weixiong;ZHOU Jian;HUANG Xiaoli;CHEN Defang;OUYANG Ping;ZHAO Ruoxuan;SHEN Bingjie(College of Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Yalong River Hydropower Development Company,Chengdu 610056,China;Fisheries Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物医学院,四川成都611130 [2]雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司,四川成都610056 [3]四川省农业科学院水产研究所,四川成都611731

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2019年第2期207-215,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：四川省淡水鱼产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2017SICAD003);四川省重点研发项目(2018NZ0007);鱼类疾病防控体系建设项目(JPDC-D2017050)

摘　　要：恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)是广泛分布于土壤、水体中的一种条件致病菌,可感染两栖类、鱼类和甲壳类等多种水生动物。2017年8月,四川省西昌市某养殖场的长薄鳅出现一种以体表溃烂、鳍条出血为主要特征的传染病。为探究其病因,本研究进行了病原菌分离、人工感染、分离菌表型特征测定、16S r RNA与gyr B基因序列分析。从病鱼肝、脾、肾中分离到优势菌株(BMH170820),人工感染试验证实了其病原性。根据其菌落形态、生理生化特性,结合16S r RNA与gyr B基因序列分析鉴定其为恶臭假单胞菌。组织病理学观察发现,其感染长薄鳅对鳃、肾、肝、心、脾与消化道等多处组织器官造成损伤,表现出明显的变性、坏死和炎症反应,致全身多器官功能障碍而死亡。药物敏感试验显示,该菌对新霉素、氧氟沙星以及强力霉素等敏感,而对阿莫西林、头孢氨苄与氟苯尼考等耐药。Pseudomonas putida is a conditional pathogen that widely distributed in water and soil,which can infect aquatic animals such as amphibians,fish and crustaceans.During August in 2017,a serious infection that characterized by ulceration of body surface and bleeding of fins occurred in a loach farm located in Xichang,Sichuan Province of China.To determine the etiology of this outbreak,pathogen isolation,experimental infection,physical and chemical characteristics of isolated bacteria and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene were carried out.Results showed that a gram-negative,rod-shaped bacillus (designated as BMH170820) was isolated from the diseased fish and its pathogenicity were confirmed by experimental infection test for its pathological changes were consistent with that of natural infection.Based on the colony morphology,physiological and biochemical characteristics,combined with 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis,Pseudomonas putida was confirmed as the causative factor of this outbreak.Histopathological observation revealed that Pseudomonas putida infection in Leptobotia elongate were followed as obvious degeneration,necrosis and inflammation in gill,kidney,liver,heart,spleen and digestive tract,the extensive and serious multiple organ dysfunction might lead to the death of Leptobotia elongate.Drug sensitivity tested results showed that this isolated strain of Pseudomonas putida was sensitive to neomycin,ofloxacin,doxycycline,etc,but resistant to amoxicillin,cefalexin and florfenicol.

关 键 词：恶臭假单胞菌 长薄鳅 表型特性 16SrRNA gyrB基因 病理损伤 

分 类 号：S941.41[农业科学—水产养殖]