二维层状材料麦羟硅钠石的研究进展  

A State-of-the-art Review on the Study of Two-dimensional Layered Material Magadiite

作　　者：戈明亮 席壮壮 梁国栋[2] GE Mingliang;XI Zhuangzhuang;LIANG Guodong(National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing,Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640;Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510640;School of Material Science and Engineering,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang 550000)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学聚合物成型加工工程教育部重点实验室聚合物新型成型装备国家工程研究中心,广州510640 [2]中山大学聚合物复合材料及功能材料教育部重点实验室,广州510640 [3]贵州民族大学材料科学与工程学院,贵阳550000

出　　处：《材料导报》2019年第5期754-760,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2016A030313520);广东省水利科技创新项目(2017-24);广东省普通高校特色创新类项目(自然科学)(2017KTSCX007);中山大学聚合物复合材料及功能材料教育部重点实验室开放基金(PCFM-2017-02)~~

摘　　要：二维层状材料硅酸盐是硅、氧与其他化学元素等结合而成的化合物的总称。其以硅氧四面体为基本结构,根据不同的配合形成了各类的硅酸盐,其种类繁多、熔点高、比表面积大、抗蠕变性良好以及可插层,且具有优异的耐腐蚀性、热稳定性和化学稳定性,被广泛应用于化工、建材、耐火材料、陶瓷、造纸、橡胶、塑料、医药、农药、纺织、化妆品、国防和环保等领域。麦羟硅钠石是一种水合硅钠石,它属于层状硅酸盐,结构式为Na_2Si_(14)O_(29)·n H_2O,作为一种新型的层状硅酸盐材料,相比于蒙脱石等其他层状硅酸盐,它的活性Si-OH位于层间的表面上,有利于其功能化改性,且显著提高了层间电荷密度,从而提高了其离子交换能力。麦羟硅钠石具有规整的层板结构和可调控的层间距,可以在层间引入不同功能的分子,作为组装多功能复合材料的基础材料。麦羟硅钠石是纯硅体系,具有很好的生物相容性,单个片层较厚(1.12 nm),结构稳定性好,可以人工合成,通过控制合成工艺,可以得到高纯度的产物,且价格低廉,具有市场竞争优势。到目前为止,麦羟硅钠石的制备主要是通过水热法人工合成,硅源可以为硅藻土、水玻璃、沉淀白炭黑浆料(PPS)、SiO_2-NaOH-Na_2CO_3-H_2O体系、硅胶、正硅酸甲酯、正硅酸乙酯等。随着研究的不断深入,制备方法越来越简单,晶型也越来越完善。麦羟硅钠石的改性研究包括有机插层改性、酸化处理和无机改性。此外,由于聚合物/层状硅酸盐复合材料具有常规聚合物复合材料所没有的结构、形态,以及较常规聚合物复合材料更优异的力学性能、耐热性和气体液体阻隔性能等,麦羟硅钠石/聚合物复合材料也得到了广泛的研究。在应用方面,麦羟硅钠石由于具有较高的离子交换量和较大的比表面积,可以作为吸附材料吸附重金属离子和有机染料等。因其The two-dimensional layered silicate is a general name of a compound in which silicon,oxygen and other chemical elements are combined.Based on the basic structure of silicon-oxy tetrahedron,diverse silicates are formed according to various combinations.Silicate shows a wide variety,high melting point,large specific surface area,favorable creep resistance,easy for intercalation,and excellent corrosion resistance,thermal stability,chemical stability,which enable its wide application in chemical,building materials,refractories,ceramics,paper,rubber,polymer,plastics,pharmaceuticals,pesticides,textiles,cosmetics,defense and environmental protection industry.Magadiite is a kind of sodium silicate hydrate,which belongs to layered silicate with the structural formula of Na2Si14O29·nH2O.As a novel layered silicate material,magadiite features its active Si-OH located on the interlayers surface,which is more conducive to the functional modification compared with other layered silicate like montmorillonite.In addition,it will significantly increase the interlayer charge density,thus contribute to its ion exchange capacity.Thanks to its regular laminar structure and adjustable interlayer spacing,magadiite can be used as a basic material for the assembly of multifunctional composites by introducing various functional molecules.Magadiite exhibits competitive advantages in market,owing to its favorable biocompatibility,stable structure,thicker monolayer(1.12 nm),moderate price,and the capability for artificial synthesis and generating high purity products with a controlled process.Up to now,the primary preparation method of magadiite is hydro-thermal synthesis,the possible silicon source include diatomaceous earth,water glass,precipitated silica slurry(PPS),SiO2-NaOH-Na 2CO3-H2O system,silica gel,methyl orthosilicate,tetraethylorthosilicate and so forth.The continuous progress of research has brought about more simplified preparation methods and more perfect crystal structure of products.The modification of magadiite includes o

关 键 词：麦羟硅钠石 有机插层 酸化处理 无机改性 吸附 催化材料 

分 类 号：TQ177.1[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]