颗粒增强金属基复合材料界面结合强度的表征：理论模型、有限元模拟和实验测试  

Characterization of Interfacial Bonding Strength of Particles Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites: Theory Model,Finite Element Simulation and Experimental Test

作　　者：邱博[1] 邢书明[1] 董琦[1] QIU Bo;XING Shuming;DONG Qi(School of Mechanical and Electronic Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《材料导报》2019年第5期862-870,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2018YJS139)~~

摘　　要：金属基复合材料的综合性能优异,应用领域广泛,在这类材料中,增强相与基体之间的界面结合情况是影响材料性能的关键因素之一,而界面结合强度是衡量界面结合情况最重要的定量化指标。到目前为止,研究者们已经提出了许多测量复合材料界面强度的方法,包括早期就已经提出并一直沿用的微观力学测试方法,如单纤维拉出法、单纤维断裂法和微粘结测试法等,以及以材料宏观性能来评价界面应力状态的宏观实验方法,如横向弯曲实验、横向拉伸实验以及导槽剪切实验等。根据测量过程是否需要对界面进行破坏又可以分为声发射技术、声显微技术、拉曼光谱等技术的非破坏性方法以及一些需要破坏界面从而达到测量目的的破坏性方法。虽然诸多学者对复合材料界面结合强度的测量与表征做了大量的研究工作并取得了重大进展,但这些测试方法基本上都是基于纤维增强金属复合材料的成果,对于颇有前景的颗粒增强金属复合材料而言,这些测试手段却因颗粒增强相在形状和尺度上的特殊性而难以奏效,从而造成定量表征颗粒增强金属基复合材料界面结合强度相关研究的发展较为缓慢。为了解决颗粒增强相与金属基体界面强度难以测量的问题,许多研究者在建立理论模型的基础上通过有限元模拟的方法来表征界面的结合强度。这种方法可以用来预测颗粒增强金属基复合材料的界面结合强度,具有一定的指导意义,但是计算机模拟的方法在建模及计算过程中很大程度上对颗粒增强相的形状、分布状态以及界面的形变方式进行了简化处理,导致其结果与实际情况往往存在一定的误差。在这种情况下,研究者们开始寻求通过实验测试的方法来定量表征颗粒与金属基体之间的界面结合强度,也就是通过测量界面处的剪切强度或拉伸强度来表征界面的结合强度�Metal matrix composites show excellent comprehensive properties and wide applications,in which the interfacial bonding of the reinforcement phase and the matrix is one of the key factors affecting the properties of the materials,and the interfacial bonding strength is the most important quantitative parameter to measure the interface bonding.So far,researchers have developed numerous methods for measuring the interfacial strength of composite materials,including micromechanical measurements and macroscopic experimental method.The former has been proposed in the early stage and is still in use today,including single-fiber pull-out method,single fiber fracture method and micro-bond test method.The latter evaluate the interfacial stress state based on the macroscopic properties of materials,including transverse bending test,transverse tensile test and guide-groove shear test.Besides,according to whether there is a need to destroy the interface during the measurement process,the measu-ring method can be divided into non-destructive methods such as acoustic emission,acoustic microscopy,Raman spectroscopy and destructive methods which need to destroy the interface to achieve measurement.Great efforts have been put into the measurement and characterization of the interfacial bonding strength of composites and fruitful results have been achieved over the years.Nevertheless,these methods mainly focus on fiber reinforced metal composites.For the particles reinforced metal composites,these testing methods are difficult to work because of the particularity of particle phases in shape and size,which lead to the lag of development in quantitative characterization of interfacial bonding strength of particle reinforced metal matrix composites.Aiming at measuring the interface strength between reinforcement and matrix,finite element simulation based on the theoretical model is employed by researchers to characterize the bonding strength of the interface,which possesses a certain instructive in the prediction of interfacial bondin

关 键 词：金属基复合材料 颗粒增强 界面 结合强度 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]