维特根斯坦之梯:“可说”与“不可说”之论  

Wittgenstein's Ladder: on the "Speakable" and "Unspeakable"

作　　者：方淑瑶 赵妙法[1] FANG Shu-yao;ZHAO Miao-fa(Department of Philosophy,Anhui University Anhui Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学哲学系,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第2期30-32,共3页Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

摘　　要："可说"与"不可说"是维特根斯坦《逻辑哲学论》中的两个重要概念。"可说"是指可以说清楚的、有意义的命题,主要是自然科学命题。"不可说"主要包括"伦理"、"美学"、"形而上学"等不表达关于世界的事实的东西。维特根斯坦认为,凡是不可说的东西必须保持静默。维特根斯坦关于不可说东西的言说具有类似于梯子的作用,是在更高层次上进行的。人们借助于梯子便可以清楚地看见究竟什么是可说的,什么是不可说的。维特根斯坦认为,只有进入这种境界的人,才能真正领悟"不可说"的真谛——即抛开这架梯子。本文主要探讨维特根斯坦的"可说"与"不可说"思想的内涵,并且对它们的界限进行了划分,最终达到一种超越的境界。The theory of"speakable" and"unspeakable" is two important concepts in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus of Wittgenstein. In essence,"speakable" refers to the clear and meaningful proposition, which mainly is the natural science proposition, while the "unspeakable" mainly includes the " ethics"," aesthetics"," metaphysics" and other matters which do not express the facts about the world. Wittgenstein's expression of unspeakable things has the similar function of a ladder and is carried out at a higher level. Specifically, with the aid of ladders, people can clearly see what is speakable and unspeakable. Wittgenstein believed that only those who enter this kind of realm can truly understand the true meaning of "unspeakable", that is, to throw away the ladder. In a word, this article mainly discussed the connotation of Wittgenstein's thoughts of "speakable" and "unspeakable", and divided their boundaries, thus finally reaching a state of transcendence.

关 键 词：《逻辑哲学论》 可说 不可说 梯子 

分 类 号：H09[语言文字—语言学]