小车-弹簧-小车简谐振动过程的研究  

Research on the harmonic motion of car-spring-car system

作　　者：余佳敏 田晓艳 张伟建 冯卓宏 郑卫峰[1,2] 陈志高 陈志华[1] YU Jia-min;TIAN Xiao-yan;ZHANG Wei-jian;FENG Zhuo-hong;ZHENG Wei-feng;CHEN Zhi-gao;CHEN Zhi-hua(College of Physics and Energy,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学物理与能源学院,福建福州350117 [2]福建师范大学物理学国家级实验教学示范中心,福建福州350117

出　　处：《实验室科学》2019年第1期18-21,共4页Laboratory Science

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研社科A类项目(项目编号:JAS151251);福建师范大学本科教学改革研究项目(项目编号:I201503037;I201602017)

摘　　要：理论上分析了小车-弹簧-小车系统在弹簧弹性力作用下的动力学过程。利用PASCO数字化实时数据采集系统研究了简谐振动过程中该系统的运动状态,得到两小车的位移和速度随时间的变化规律,验证系统的质心运动定理和动量守恒定律。同时,通过分析摩擦力做功情况,验证了忽略摩擦力的条件下系统遵守能量守恒定律。本实验涵盖多个重要的动力学知识点,实验操作简单,结果直观明了,数据完善且有说服力,有利于学生更深刻地理解相关概念。The dynamic process of the car-spring-car system was analyzed theoretical. The digital experimental data collection system was used to study the harmonic motion of the car-spring-car system. The results show that this system matches centre-of-mass motion theorem and momentum conservation law based on time dependence of velocity and displacement. By the way, the effect of friction on mechanical energy was analyzed, which prove that the mechanical energy of this system is conserve without effect of friction. The operation of this experiment is simple, the results are clear and the data are persuasive, which help students to understand some kinetic knowledge.

关 键 词：简谐振动 质心运动定理 动量守恒定律 机械能 数字化实验 

分 类 号：O4-33[理学—物理]