陇东旱地冬小麦品种“陇育4号”产量与氮、磷、密度三因子数学模型的优化解析  

The Optimization and Analysis of Mathematical Model on the Yield of Winter Wheat Variety Longyu NO.4 to Sowing density,Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization Rate in Longdong Dryland

作　　者：乔岩[1,2] 杨芳 张成[1,2] 施万喜[1,2] 孟建军 刘自成[1,2] 杨虓 QIAO Yan;YANG Fang;ZHANG Cheng;SHI Wan-xi;MENG Jian-jun;LIU Zi-cheng;YANG Xiao(College of Agriculture and Forestry, Longdong University, Qingyang 730070, Gansu;Gansu Aridland Research Center of Winter Wheat Germplasm Innovation and Application Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang 730070, Gansu)

机构地区：[1]陇东学院农林科技学院,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]甘肃省旱地冬小麦种质创新与应用工程研究中心,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《陇东学院学报》2019年第2期75-79,共5页Journal of Longdong University

基　　金：甘肃省科技厅科技成果转化资助项目(甘科计〔2017〕9号)

摘　　要：以冬小麦陇育4号为研究对象,通过田间试验,采用二次正交旋转组合设计并进行模拟寻优,研究种植密度、施氮量与施磷量对冬小麦产量的影响,结果表明,氮肥对产量贡献最大,播种量对产量贡献仅次于氮肥,磷肥对产量贡献最小。建立的氮肥、播种量和磷肥的数学模型解析了主要因素的效应和交互作用,筛选出陇育4号最优组合方案和高产栽培模式。在本试验条件下,其产量稳定在300～360kg/666.7m^2的栽培高效农艺措施方案为:播量24.1～28.5万基本苗/666.7m^2,N9.6～13.5kg/666.7m^2,P2O56.4～10.6kg/666.7m^2。在陇东黄土高原旱区合理密植的前提下,增氮控磷才能确保陇育4号个体与群体关系之间的协调性、氮磷肥使用效率和稳产性。The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sowing density, N rate and P rate on yield of winter wheat variety Longyu NO 4. Under the field experiment, simulation-based optimization methods were applied to evaluate the effects on yield of the variety by quadratic orthogonal regression design. The result showed that nitrogen fertilizer had the biggest effect on yield, the sowing density was inferior to nitrogen fertilizer, whereas phosphorus had smallest effect on yield. The major and interaction factors were interpreted by mathematical model which were represented by sowing density, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer. Furemore, the best combination and high-yield cultivation pattern of Longyu NO.4 were determined from mathematical model. Under the experimental conditions, optimal combination of agronomy practices for high yield(300~360 kg/666.7 m^2)suggested that sowing density was 2.41~2.85×10^5 plants /666.7 m^2 , nitrogen was 9.6~13.5 kg/666.7 m^2 and P 2O 5 was 6.4~10.6 kg/666.7 m^2. These results implied that properly sowing density, increasing nitrogen and controlling phosphorus could optimize relationships of individual and group, nitrogen/phosphate use efficiency and yield stability in Longdong dryland of loess plateau.

关 键 词：冬小麦 栽培模式 氮 磷 种植密度 数学模型 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]