二胎婴儿母乳喂养的影响因素分析与护理对策  

Analysis of factors influencing breastfeeding of the second child in the family under the new policy of family planning and nursing countermeasures

作　　者：李智敏[1] LI Zhi-min

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市小榄人民医院妇产科,中山市528415

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2019年第4期94-96,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的了解全新计划生育政策下二胎婴儿的母乳喂养情况,分析其母乳喂养的影响因素,并探讨母乳喂养的针对性护理方法。方法随机选取2016年7月至2017年7月我院住院分娩的5000例二胎产妇为研究对象,采用调查问卷方法了解产妇母乳喂养情况,并对调查资料予以单因素方差分析及多元线性回归分析。结果 5000例二胎婴儿中,纯母乳喂养1084例,混合喂养1946例,产妇分娩方式、家庭人均收入、产后伤口是否疼痛、乳头是否凹陷、乳房是否胀痛、母乳喂养认知以及乳汁是否充足组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05);将单因素纳入多元回归分析显示,剖宫产、家庭人均收入> 4000元、产后伤口疼痛、乳头凹陷、乳房胀痛、乳汁不足为影响二胎婴儿母乳喂养的主要危险因素,知晓母乳喂养知识为保护因素。结论二胎婴儿母乳喂养率较低,应针对其影响因素制定相关护理干预措施,有效提升母乳喂养率,促进二胎婴儿优生优养。Objective To understand the breastfeeding situation of the second child in a family under the new policy of family planning, and to analyze the influencing factors of breastfeeding. Meanwhile, the targeted nursing methods of breastfeeding was explored. Methods A total of 5,000 second birth parturient women who delivered in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2017 were selected as the study subjects randomly. Questionnaires were used to understand maternal breastfeeding, and one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis were performed on the survey data. Results Of the 5,000 second babies in the family, a total of 1,084 infants were exclusively breastfed. A total of 1,946 infants received mixed feeding. There was significant statistical difference between the groups in the maternal delivery method, family per capita income, postpartum wound pain, nipple depression, breast pain, breastfeeding awareness, and adequate breast milk( P <0.05). When included the single factor in multiple regression analysis, the results showed that cesarean section, family per capita income > 4,000 yuan, postpartum wound pain, nipple depression, breast tenderness, and insufficient breast milk were the main risk factors affecting breastfeeding of second child in the family. Knowing breastfeeding knowledge was a protective factor. Conclusion The rate of breastfeeding of second-born infants is low. Relevant nursing interventions should be developed according to the influencing factors, thus increasing the rate of breastfeeding effectively and promoting sound child rearing of the second-born infants.

关 键 词：全新计划生育政策 二胎 母乳喂养 针对性护理 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]