长期低含沙水流作用下黄河下游河势调整过程  

Changes of River Regime of the Lower Yellow River Under Long-Term Low-Concentrated Flow Conditions

作　　者：李勇[1] 王卫红[1] 张宝森[1] 王万战[1] LI Yong;WANG Weihong;ZHANG Baosen;WANG Wanzhan(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2019年第3期31-35,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404402)

摘　　要：小浪底水库运用以来长期下泄清水或低含沙水流,游荡性河道河势发生显著调整,研究其变化过程特征,对于深化认识游荡性河道演变规律并进行有效调控具有很大意义。依据2000—2015年的河势资料,对铁谢—高村游荡性河道的河势调整过程进行了分析,提出了应对河势变化的建议。结果表明:①在长期清水或低含沙水流作用下,游荡性河道的河势变化较大,河宽增大、心滩增多、河势较散乱、畸形河湾现象突出;②2000—2015年黄河下游河势调整具有明显的时空特征,前期河势以下挫为主,后期则以上提为主,且河势调整从上至下逐步演进;③对危及滩区群众安全的东安—桃花峪、三官庙—黑岗口、堡城—青庄河段,急需进行河道整治,对长期持续清水或低含沙水流作用下的河势新情况应给予高度重视,确保防洪安全。The paper shows the summary of the significant changes of the wandering Yellow River due to continuous low concentrated flow released from the Xiaolangdi Reservoir , which will lead to more in-depth understandings of the law governing the morphological changes of the wandering reach of the river and a proposal for their effective control. Analysis of the data of the river regime in the reach from Tiexie to Gaocun measured from 2000 to 2015 leads to the understandings. First , plan forms change in large scales and become more scattered with channel widths increased , in channel bars increased in number and abnormal bends becoming more apparent. Second , relative to a flow deflecting dike , the point where main channel flow attacked the dike shift downstream in the first half period and upstream in the second half. The regulating processes of the kind move from upstream to downstream. Last , it is proposed that the segments from Dong ' an to Taohuayu , Sanguanmiao to Heigangkou and Baocheng to Qingzhuang , which are found most likely to endanger the people living on the nearby floodplains , should be trained first and that high attention to any new states should be paid so as to secure safety in flooding.

关 键 词：河势调整 低含沙水流 铁谢-高村河段 游荡性河段 黄河下游 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV882.1