烟秆还田对水稻稻飞虱及其捕食性天敌田间种群动态的影响  

Effects of tobacco straw returning on field population dynamic of rice planthoppers and their predators

作　　者：林开 李燕芳[2,3] 李怡峰 肖汉祥[2,3] 张扬 刘经贤[1] 张振飞 LIN Kai;LI Yan-Fang;LI Yi-Feng;XIAO Han-Xiang;ZHANG Yang;LIU Jing-Xian;ZHANG Zhen-Fei(Department of Entomology, Agriculture College of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院昆虫学系,广州510642 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广州510640 [3]广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2019年第1期17-24,共8页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：广东省省级科技计划项目(2016B020202002);广东省现代农业产业共性技术创新团队建设项目(2017LM2150);广东省现代农业产业技术体系专项经费

摘　　要：烟秆还田是烟稻轮作种植系统中一种常用的农业措施之一。2015-2016年在广东南雄市烟稻轮作地区研究了不同烟秆还田方式、还田量以及耕作方式等对晚造水稻稻飞虱及其重要捕食性天敌田间种群动态的影响。结果表明,烟秆浅层还田处理水稻上稻飞虱数量低于深还田处理,但差异不显著;在水稻种植中后期,显著低于不还田处理;不同还田方式间对捕食性天敌田间种群影响差异不显著。烟秆不同还田量对稻飞虱及其捕食性天敌数量影响研究结果表明烟秆还田处理的田间稻飞虱数量要显著低于不还田对照处理,2015年和2016年,2.5倍烟秆还田处理的稻飞虱平均数量与对照相比分别减少52.9%和61.1%。1/2倍和1倍烟秆还田量处理与2.5倍还田量相比,差异虽不显著,但烟秆还田量大的处理其褐飞虱数量要低;捕食性天敌数量与还田量之间无显著相关性。浅耕和深耕条件下烟秆还田对稻飞虱及其捕食性天敌田间种群数量的影响都不显著。本研究结果将为烟秆综合利用和水稻害虫绿色防控提供科学依据。Tobacco straw returning is a popular agricultural treatment during tobacco-rice rotation cropping. During the period from 2015 to 2016, we had researched the control effect of tobacco straw returning on population dynamics of rice planthoppers and their predators under the tobacco-rice rotation cropping system in Nanxiong City, Guangdong Province, China. Our results showed that the number of rice planthppers in paddy fields dealing with shallow tobacco straw-returning less than the fields dealing with deep tobacco straw-returning, but no significant difference between them. In the middle and late stage of rice growing, the number of rice planthppers in paddy fields dealing with shallow tobacco straw-returning was significantly less than control (no tobacco straw returning treatments). The effects of different tobacco straw-returning styles on predators was not significant. Tobacco straw returning keeping obvious control effect on rice planthoppers population, moreover, those control effect was increase as the amount of straw returning into fields. For example, in peak occurrence of rice planthoppers of 2015 and 2016, the mean number of rice planthoppers in treatment dealing with 2.5 times tobacco straw returning into fields decreased 52.9% and 61.1% respectively compared with non tobacco straw returning (CK) treatments. There were no significant difference between the 2.5 times tobacco straw returning and 1 and 0.5 times tobacco straw returning treatments. However, the number of BPH in fields was lower while the amount of tobacco straw returning being more. There was no significant relationship between the mean number of predators and the amounts of tobacco straw-returning. And the cultivation styles kept less effect on the field populations of rice planthppers and predators. The results will provide scientific proofs for comprehensive utilization of tobacco straw and green control of rice pests.

关 键 词：稻飞虱 捕食性天敌 烟秆还田 烟碱 害虫控制 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]