人力资本、社会资本对失地农民个体收入不平等的影响研究  

The impact of human capital,social capital on individual income inequality of land-expropriated farmers

作　　者：杨晶 丁士军[2] 邓大松[1] YANG Jing;DING Shi-jun;DENG Da-song(The Center for Social Security Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei 430072, China;School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan Hubei 430073, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会保障研究中心,湖北武汉430072 [2]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2019年第3期148-158,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中国扶贫战略研究"(批准号:16JJD840007);国家自然科学基金项目"‘土地换保障’背景下失地农户的生计重建"(批准号:71173239);"新型城镇化背景下进城农民工家庭生计转型:基于可持续生计框架"(批准号:71673303)

摘　　要：城镇化进程中土地征收对失地农民收入分配和可持续生计的影响一直是全社会各阶层关注的热点问题。本文利用2016年"中国家庭追踪调查数据CFPS",基于可持续生计分析框架和个体相对剥夺视角,利用Kakwani指数测算失地农民个体收入不平等状况,并探究不同类型人力资本、异质性社会资本对失地农民个体收入不平等的影响。研究结果表明:①失地农民个体收入不平等指数处于较高剥夺区间,且呈现出自东向西递增的空间分布特征,东、中、西部地区的指标值分别达到0. 516、0. 552、0. 595。②失地农民人力资本越丰富,越容易降低失地农民个体收入不平等程度,健康状况好的失地农民的个体收入不平等水平比健康状况差的失地农民低0. 065个单位,由基础教育和技术技能培训反映的人力资本积累对失地农民个体收入不平等的影响效应分别为-0. 034、-0. 046。③不同类型社会资本与失地农民个体收入不平等也呈显著负相关,失地后传统的以血缘和亲缘为核心的纽带型社会资本在降低微观个体收入不平等方面的效果依然存在,其对失地农民个体收入不平等的影响效应为-0. 032。④异质性研究再次证实人力资本要素集聚和社会资本积累在缩减不同收入阶层收入差距中的积极作用,同时,不同失地群体个体收入不平等和影响因素在空间上受到区域发展不平衡的影响,以组织身份衡量的连接型社会资本仅与东部地区失地农民个体收入不平等呈显著负相关,抑制效应为-0. 055。在精准扶贫背景下,需要进一步通过提升失地农民人力资本水平和社会资本水平来防止群体固化和收入剥夺恶化问题,各区域应采用因地制宜的消减收入剥夺的政策措施,这对于新时代降低失地农民个体收入不平等、缓解地区发展不平衡不充分状况具有积极的参考价值。The impact of land expropriation on the income distribution and sustainable livelihood of farmers in the process of urbanization has always been a hot issue of concern to all sectors of society. Based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework and relative deprivation perspective, this paper used the 2016 China Family Panel Studies Data and the Kakwani index to measure the individual income inequality of land-expropriated farmers, and to explore the impact of different types of human capital and social capital on individual income inequality and its mechanism. The results showed that:①The income deprivation index of land-expropriated farmers was in a high deprivation interval, and presented a diminishing spatial distribution characteristic from east to west China. Moreover, the index values of the eastern, central and western regions in China were 0.516, 0.552 and 0.595 respectively.②The richer the human capital, the easier it is to reduce the individual income inequality. The level of individual income deprivation of land-expropriated farmers with good health condition was 0.065 units lower than that of land-expropriated farmers with poor health status.③The suppression effect of cultural human capital and skilled human capital reflected by basic education and technical skills training on the individual income inequality were -0.034,-0.046 respectively.④Heterogeneity research confirmed the positive role of human capital and social capital in reducing the income inequality, and individual income inequality and its influencing factors were spatially affected by regional development imbalance, and the social capital measured by organizational identity was significantly negatively correlated with the income inequality in the eastern region, and its suppression effect was -0.055. In the context of precise poverty alleviation, it is necessary to further avoid group solidification and income deprivation by improving the human capital level and social capital level of land-expropriated farmers. According to

关 键 词：失地农民 家庭禀赋 生计 个体收入不平等 影响因素 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]