浙江2001—2016年露天生物质燃烧排放污染物时空格局  

Temporal and spatial patterns of pollutants emitted from the open biomass burning emissions in Zhejiang during 2001—2016

作　　者：靳全锋 叶文晶 沈培福[1] 黄海松[1] 陈兵红[1] 郭福涛[2] JIN Quanfeng;YE Wenjing;SHEN Peifu;HUANG Haisong;CHEN Binghong;GUO Futao(Lishui Vocational and Technical College,Lishui 323000;Wangdongyang High Mountain Wetland Natural Reserve Administration,Lishui 323500;Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]丽水职业技术学院,丽水323000 [2]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [3]景宁畲族自治县望东垟高山湿地自然保护区管理局,丽水323500

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2019年第1期259-269,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：浙江省教育厅一般项目(No.Y201840513);国家自然科学基金(No.31770697);丽水职业技术学院青年基金(No.LZYC201703)

摘　　要：生物质露天燃烧排放烟气颗粒物对大气环境、生态系统和人类健康有重要影响.该研究基于MODIS-MCD64A1数据提取2001—2016年浙江省森林、灌丛、草地火灾面积和作物秸秆火点数据,结合植被类型、生物质密度和燃烧效率,运用排放因子法,估算16年间浙江区域露天生物质燃烧排放污染物总量.结果表明,2001—2016年浙江区域露天生物质燃烧总量为58.78 mt,其中乔木、灌木、草本、水稻、小麦、玉米、豆类和油菜燃烧总量分别为202.18 kt、10.43 kt、300.10 t、46.66 mt、1.94 mt、2.45 mt、3.45 mt和4.06 mt.森林和秸秆火次数分别为1783次和23257次,森林火灾多集中在浙江南部区域,秸秆火多集中在浙江北部区域.森林和草地火灾次数主要集中在3月和10月,作物秸秆火点主要集中在5、7和8月份,占全年75%以上.各污染物CO_2、CO、NO_x、VOCs、PM_(2.5)、TC、OC和EC排放总量分别为667.20、26.40、1.13、4.92、5.12、2.85、2.59和0.23 mt.该研究揭示了浙江地区生物质露天燃烧排放污染物的时空变化,为深入揭示生物质燃烧对区域环境影响提供数据支持.The smoke and particulate matters released from biomass burning significantly impact the atmospheric environment,ecosystem and human health.Based on MODIS-MCD64 A1,the burnt area of forest,shrub and grass and fire ignitions of crop straw burning during 2001-2016 were extracted,combing with the data of forest type,biomass density and combustion efficiency,to estimate the total emission of pollutants released from open biomass burning by using emission factor method.The results showed that the total emission of open biomass burning in Zhejiang between 2001 and 2016 is 58.78 mt,in which the arbor,shrub,grass,and the residual of rice,wheat,corn,beans and rapeseed are 202.18 kt,10.43 kt,300.10 t,46.66 mt,1.94 mt,2.45 mt,3.45 mt and 4.06 mt,respectively.The total number of forest fire and crop straw burning is 1783 and 3257.Forest fires concentrated in the South of Zhejiang and crop straw burning mainly occurred in the Northern Zhejiang.In addition,the forest and grass fires focused in March and October.In contrast,the crop straw burning mainly occurred in May,July and August,accounting to over 75% of the whole year.The total emission of CO2,CO,NOx,VOCs,PM2.5,TC,OC and EC were 667.20,26.40,1.13,4.92,5.12,2.85,2.59 and 0.23mt,respectively.The study revealed the temporal and spatial distribution of the pollutants released from open biomass burning of Zhejiang and provided a data support for further understanding the influence of biomass burning on the local environment.

关 键 词：浙江 露天生物质燃烧 污染物 时空格局 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]