2015—2018年安徽省定点猪场主要疫病病原和血清抗体监测  

Surveillance for Pathogens and Serum Antibodies against Major Diseases in Fixed-point Swine Farms in Anhui Province from 2015 to 2018

作　　者：王倩[1] 何长生[1] 周迎春[1] 王军[1] 沈艳[1] 刘华[1] 王维 Wang Qian;He Changsheng;Zhou Yingchun;Wang Jun;Shen Yan;Liu Hua;Wang Wei(Anhui Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Hefei,Anhui 230091,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省动物疫病预防与控制中心,安徽合肥230091

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2019年第3期29-34,共6页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：安徽省动物疫情监测与防治项目

摘　　要：为全面掌握安徽省口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征和猪伪狂犬病等主要猪群疫病的感染及免疫状况,2015—2018年,从安徽省东部、中部和南部选取12个生猪养殖场,应用荧光定量RT-PCR和ELISA检测方法,连续4年对上述疫病病原和血清抗体进行检测。结果显示:每年均检测出口蹄疫3ABC阳性抗体,O型和A型口蹄疫免疫抗体合格率呈逐年下降趋势。猪瘟和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征免疫情况较好,抗体合格率均超过农业农村部规定的70%标准,高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒核酸阳性率呈逐年下降趋势。猪伪狂犬病在猪场中存在一定的流行,gE(野毒)抗体阳性率在0.74%～19.90%之间;gB免疫抗体合格率在35.64%～71.16%之间,合格率较低且呈逐年下降趋势。小型猪场的主要疫病免疫抗体合格率普遍低于中型猪场,保育猪群和育肥猪群抗体合格率低于其他生产阶段猪群。结果提示,该地定点猪场的口蹄疫和猪伪狂犬病防控效果不理想,不仅存在一定的病毒感染,免疫抗体合格率也偏低,病毒流行风险较高,需要加强监测和免疫;猪瘟、高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征总体防控效果较好,但需要加强种公猪免疫。In order to fully recognize the infection and immunization status of major swine diseases,including footand- mouth disease(FMD),classical swine fever(CSF),highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(HP-PRRS)and porcine pseudorabies(PR)in Anhui Province,12 swine farms were selected from eastern,central and southern Anhui Province from 2015 to 2018,and the pathogens and serum antibodies of the above diseases were tested for 4 consecutive years by the methods of fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA. The results showed that the 3ABC antibody against FMD could be detected each year,and the qualified rate of immune antibody against FMD(type O and A)decreased year by year. The immunization status of CSF and HP-PRRS was better, and their qualified rates of antibodies all exceeded 70%,which was prescribed by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,the positive rate of nucleic acid of HP-PRRS also decreased year by year. The positive rate of PRV gE antibody (against wild virus)ranged from 0.74% to 19.90%,indicating that there was a certain degree of PR prevalence in swine farms;the qualified rate of gB antibody was in the range of 35.64%–71.16%,which was relatively low and decreased with years. Furthermore,the qualified rate of immune antibody against major diseases in small farms was generally lower than that in medium farms,and the qualified rate in fattening and nursery pigs was lower than that in pigs at other stages. In conclusion,the prevention and control effect of FMD and PR in these fixed-point farms was not satisfying,and the prevalence risk of such diseases remained high due to certain infection and low qualified rate of immune antibody,so it was necessary to strengthen the surveillance and vaccination;the prevention and control effect of CSF and HP-PRRS was relatively good, and immunization towards breeding boars should also be strengthened.

关 键 词：规模猪场 猪瘟 高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 口蹄疫 伪狂犬病 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]