金属离子对硫酸钙晶须形貌影响的试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Effect of Metal Ions on the Morphology of Calcium Sulfate Whiskers

作　　者：李强[1] 尚超[1] 石棕文 刘福立 师长伟 Li Qiang;Shang Chao;Shi Zongwen;Liu Fuli;Shi Changwei(College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《非金属矿》2019年第1期94-96,共3页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室开放基金(BGRIMMKJSKL-2017-16);辽宁省教育厅青年项目(LJ2017QL028)

摘　　要：以脱硫石膏为原料制备硫酸钙晶须,研究反应温度、反应时间、金属离子的种类和浓度对硫酸钙晶须形貌、尺寸的影响。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对硫酸钙晶须物相及形貌进行表征。结果表明:反应温度、反应时间、金属离子的种类和浓度都会影响硫酸钙晶须的形貌。制备硫酸钙晶须的最佳工艺条件为:浆料质量分数为2%,反应时间为90 min,硫酸浓度为2 mol/L,搅拌速率为150 r/min,氯化镁为晶型控制剂(浓度为17 mmol/L),所制备出硫酸钙晶须的平均长径比为148,平均直径2.2μm。Mg2+通过吸附在晶体的表面对硫酸钙晶须的形貌产生影响,而Al3+对硫酸钙晶须的形貌影响是其被纳入晶体造成。Calcium sulfate whisker was prepared from desulphurized gypsum. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, type and concentration of metal ions on the morphology and size of calcium sulfate whisker were studied. The phase and morphology of calcium sulfate whisker were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the morphology of calcium sulfate whisker was affected by reaction temperature, reaction time, type and concentration of metal ions. The optimum conditions for preparing calcium sulfate whisker are as follows: slurry concentration of 2%, reaction time of 90 min, sulfuric acid concentration of 2 mol/L, stirring rate of 150 r/min. The average aspect ratio of calcium sulfate whisker is 148, and the average diameter is 2.2 μm. Mg^2+ affected the morphology of calcium sulfate whisker by adsorption on the surface of crystal. The morphology of calcium sulfate whisker affected by Al^3+ is caused by its incorporation into the crystal.

关 键 词：脱硫石膏 硫酸钙晶须 金属离子 平均长径比 

分 类 号：TQ132.3[化学工程—无机化工]