硒与氮磷钾肥配施对水稻产量和外观品质及其吸收硒的影响  

Effect of Combined Application of Selenium,Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Yield,Appearance Quality and Se Uptake of Paddy Rice

作　　者：龙世方 王孟[1] 吴东梅 刘波[1] 黄芬肖[1] 邢丹英[1] 朱建强[1] 周建利 黄道友[3] Long Shifang;Wang Meng;Wu Dongmei;Liu Bo;Huang Fenxiao;Xing Danying;ZhuJianqiang;Zhou Jianli(Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry(Yangtze University),Jingzhou 434025,Hubei;National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences),Beijing 100081;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,Hunan)

机构地区：[1]主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心(长江大学),湖北荆州434025 [2]耕地培育技术国家工程实验室(中国农业科学院),北京100081 [3]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第1期66-71,124,I0005,共8页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303106);耕地培育技术国家工程实验室开放基金项目(201502);国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFD0300900);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD05B02)

摘　　要：采用正交设计的田间小区试验,探讨了氮肥、磷肥、钾肥和硒肥配合施用对水稻(Oryza sativa产量及外观品质及其吸收硒的影响。结果表明,氮肥施用是水稻产量指标变化的主控因子,施氮水平为150kg/hm2(以N计)时,水稻产量性状最佳。水稻主要外观品质也取决于氮肥施用量,在90～210kg/hm2施用量范围内,水稻外观品质随氮肥用量增大而改善。水稻各器官硒含量直接决定于硒肥的施用,施硒量为31.2g/hm2时,精米硒含量最高可达到0.29mg/kg,仍符合国家食品安全标准和富硒食品标准。综合水稻产量、外观品质和硒含量,施氮量150kg/hm2、施磷量(以P2O5计)150kg/hm2、施钾量(以K2O计)0kg/hm2、施硒量(以Se计)15.6g/hm2为最佳的组合,可达到水稻富硒、高产、高品质的最佳效果。The effects of combined application of selenium(Se),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilizers on yield,appearance quality and Se uptake of paddy rice(Oryza sativa)were studied through field plot experiment using orthogonal design.The results indicated that application of N fertilizer was the control factor for rice yield indexes.Based on the yield indexes,the N fertilizer applied at 150 kg/hm^2 was the most suitable.Moreover,the appearance quality of paddy rice was also controlled by the application of N fertilizer.The appearance quality of paddy rice was improved as the applied amount of N fertilizer at 90 to 210 kg/hm^2.The selenium content of rice organs was directly determined by the application of selenium fertilizer.When the amount of selenium applied was 31.2 g/hm^2,the highest selenium content in milled rice was 0.29 mg/kg,which was still in line with the national food safety standard and the selenium enriched food standard.The optimum combination is nitrogen application amount of 150 kg/hm^2,phosphorus application rate(in P2O5)of 150 kg/hm^2,potassium application amount(in K2O)0 kg/hm^2,and selenium application(in Se)15.6 g/hm^2 combined with rice yield,appearance quality and selenium content.The best effect of high yield and high quality can realize the rice to be rich in selenium.

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza sativa) 硒肥 产量 外观品质 正交设计 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S147.2