2018诺贝尔化学奖:酶定向进化与噬菌体展示技术  

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018: the directed evolution of enzymes and the phage display technologies

作　　者：曲戈 张锟 蒋迎迎 孙周通 QU Ge;ZHANG Kun;JIANG Ying-ying;SUN Zhou-tong(Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所,天津300308

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2019年第1期1-6,19,共7页Journal of Biology

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金(No.18JCYBJC24600);国家自然科学基金(No.31700698;31870779)

摘　　要：2018年诺贝尔化学奖授予Frances H. Arnold、George P. Smith和Gregory P. Winter教授,分别表彰他们在酶的定向进化以及噬菌体展示技术方面取得的成就。这两项技术既有区别又有联系,其本质都是利用生物细胞在基因控制下合成蛋白质的生理过程并通过人工筛选来实现特定的应用目的,而噬菌体展示技术是定向进化筛选策略的拓展。两项技术融合了有机化学、分子生物学以及蛋白质科学等多个学科,被世界各国实验室广泛使用。以2018年诺贝尔化学奖为主题,综述了定向进化以及噬菌体展示技术的发展历程、关键时间节点及其在相应领域的重要应用。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 was awarded to Frances H. Arnold for "the directed evolution of enzymes", and to George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter for "the phage display of peptides and antibodies". The two distinct technologies utilize gene-controlled protein biosynthesis and achieve practical applications by screening, and the phage display can also be applied as the high-throughput screening platform in combination with directed evolution. The two technologies are integrating multiple fields spanning organic chemistry, molecular biology as well as protein sciences, and are widely used in laboratories all over the world. In this review, we summarize the progress, advances and applications of the directed evolution and the phage display technologies.

关 键 词：诺贝尔化学奖 定向进化 噬菌体展示 高通量筛选 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学] Q78