基于语义分析的政策差异量化研究——以近三十年旅游交通政策为例  

Quantitative Research of Policy Differences Based on Semantic Analysis: Take the Tourism Transportation Policy for the Past 3 Decades as an Example

作　　者：魏宇 余青 Wei Yu;Yu Qing(School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044

出　　处：《情报杂志》2019年第3期194-202,共9页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"综合交通运输系统中风景道评估体系及模式"(编号:40971288)

摘　　要：[目的/意义]旅游交通政策量化研究对于正确理解和把握旅游交通政策出台目的,在交旅融合时代推动政策合理制定,具有重要的理论和现实意义。[方法/过程]将自然语言处理引入政策量化研究,构建基于语义分析的"时间—空间—主体—要素—主题"政策量化模型,利用分词、词性标注、命名实体识别和依存句法分析等语义分析方法,量化研究中央及地方层面旅游交通政策的外部属性和内部结构的差异。[结果/结论]研究表明,旅游交通政策发布高峰期存在差异;政策空间分布呈现出东中西"递减"分布的宏观格局;中央层面政策发文主体以国家旅游局为主,地方层面则以各省市人民政府为主;"安全"等成为中央及地方层面关注度最高,且关联性最强的旅游交通政策内容要素;中央层面聚焦的政策内容主题主要为旅游交通体系、旅游交通安全和旅游交通体制,而地方层面聚焦的政策内容主题主要为旅游交通安全、旅游交通规划和旅游交通设施。研究框架和方法可应用在相关政策差异分析中,研究结论可为旅游交通主管部门制定政策提供参考。[Purpose/Significance] The quantitative study of tourism transportation policy is of great theoretical and practical significance for understanding and grasping the purpose of the tourism and transportation policy.[Method/Process] The paper introduces the natural language processing into the policy quantitative research, constructs the "time-space-subject-element-theme" policy quantitative model based on semantic analysis, using methods such as WS, POS, NER and DP. The differences and similarities of the external attributes and internal structures of the central and local levels of tourism transportation policy are studied quantitatively.[Result/Conclusion] The research shows that there are differences in the peak period of policy publication;the distribution of policy space presents a macro pattern of "diminishing" distribution in the east, central and the west of China;the central level policy distribution agency is mainly China National Tourism Administration, while the local level is dominated by provincial and municipal government."Security" has become a key element of tourism transportaion policy content with a high level of interest and relevance at the central and local levels. At the central level, the focuses of the policy content themes are the tourism transportation system, the tourism traffic safety and the tourism transportation system, while the policy content theme that focuses at the local level are mainly tourism transportaion safety, tourism transport planning and tourism transportation facility. The research framework and method can be applied in the analysis of relevant policy differences, and the conclusions of the study can provide reference basis for the tourism transportaion authorities to formulate policies.

关 键 词：旅游交通 政策差异 语义分析 量化研究 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理]