论商周时期的射燕之礼  

A Research on the Shooting Rite and Yan Rite in Yin and Zhou Dynasties

作　　者：李志刚 Li Zhi-gang(Institute of History,Taishan University,Tai,an,Shongdong 271021)

机构地区：[1]泰山学院历史学院,山东泰安271021

出　　处：《泰山学院学报》2019年第2期69-78,共10页Journal of Taishan University

基　　金：山东省高校人文社科研究计划项目(J15WA12);山东省社科规划基金项目(16DSJ05);国家社科基金重大招标项目(18ZDA021)

摘　　要：殷商时期的射礼与燕礼已较为成熟,某些仪节可能是周代礼制的源头,两者具有很大的相似性。不过,商人在射前或射后是否行燕礼,甲、金文中虽已见蛛丝马迹,但还很难据下断语。宗周时代,燕礼与射礼配合而行已是非常普遍的行礼方式。因主要目的是行射,所以射中之燕,往往存在两个特点:一是仪式已较正式燕礼简化;二是完整的燕礼被射分割为两部分,射前行正献之礼与射后的旅酬、无算爵、无算乐,以及为感谢助礼者而"息司正"之礼。传世礼典文献对射与燕礼的记载,已得到出土青铜器铭文的证实。The Shooting Rite and Yan Rite in Yin and Zhou Dynasties were developed maturely,and even more similarity because of ceremonies in Zhou Dynasty in some ritual details.Nevertheless we still could not tell out if the people in Shang Dynasty performed the Yan Rite before or after shooting or not,though there are some clues in the inscriptions in the oracle bone and bronze.In Zhou Dynasty,Yan Rite performed in coordinate with Shooting Ritual popularly.The aim is shooting,so there are two features of Yan Rite,one is that the ritual is simpler than original,the other is that the Yan Rite is divided into two parts:the formal Yan Rite before shooting,and after that the guests are treated well,in spite of the quantity of wine and music,and the rite of appreciation for host is also included.The record of the Shooting Rite and Yan Rite in ancient books,are also proved by the inscriptions in the explored bronze ware.

关 键 词：商周 射礼 燕礼 

分 类 号：K892.98[历史地理—民俗学]