致密凝析气藏压裂伤害及返排控制技术  

Fracturing Damage and Flowback Control in Tight Condensate Gas Reservoirs

作　　者：秦华 尹琅[2] 牛会娟 王文利 QIN Hua;YIN Lang;NIU Huijuan;WANG Wenli

机构地区：[1]中石化西南工程公司井下作业分公司,四川德阳618000 [2]中国石化西南油气分公司石油工程技术研究院,四川德阳618000 [3]中国石油华北油田分公司第二采油厂,河北廊坊065709

出　　处：《天然气技术与经济》2019年第1期16-20,81,共6页Natural Gas Technology and Economy

基　　金：国家科技重大攻关专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发"(2016ZX05048)下设专题"薄层窄河道致密砂岩气藏水平井压裂关键技术"(2016ZX05048004-003)

摘　　要：四川盆地部分凝析气藏测试产量难以达到地质预期,为了提高凝析气藏压后效果,以L气藏为研究对象,在储层伤害性评价及凝析油伤害机理研究的基础上,分析了A井返排率和产能低的主要原因,提出了低渗透凝析气藏控压返排技术。研究结果表明:(1)低渗透凝析气藏伤害主要是水锁伤害和凝析油伤害,其中凝析油对渗透率伤害达到90%以上,应该尽量避免;(2)提出了致密凝析气藏压后返排控制技术,当井底压力高于露点压力时,在临界出砂流量下快速排液,当井底压力接近露点压力时,控制返排速度保证井底压力高于露点压力;(3)根据临界出砂流速计算模型及喷嘴压降损失模型编制了计算软件,初步形成了凝析气藏控压返排现场应用技术。该技术成果在L气藏B井进行了先导试验,现场应用效果表明:压后返排率较邻井提高157%,无阻流量提高53%,增产效果显著。该技术成果对于低渗透凝析气藏难动储量的有效动用具有一定的指导意义。For several condensate gas reservoirs,Sichuan Basin,their tested yield seems impossible to come up to geological expectation.For the purpose of increasing fracturing effect,on the basis of evaluation on reservoir damage and damage mechanism of condensate oil,we analyzed the main causes on lower flowback rate and deliverability in A well,L gas reservoirs,and developed one technology of flowback with pressure control for condensate gas reservoirs with low permeability.Results show that(1)for these reservoirs,there are two damages individually from water lock and condensate oil.Attempt to avoid the condensate-oil damage to permeability achieving over 90%;(2)through the technology of flowback with pressure control,fluid may be drained under critical sand flow rate when bottomhole pressure is higher than dowpoint pressure whereas flowback rate may be controlled to ensure bottomhole pressure larger than dewpoint pressure when bottomhole pressure is close to dewpoint pressure;and(3)based on one calculation model of critical sand flow rate and another model of nozzle pressure-drop loss,a kind of software was developed to be applied to many pressure-control flowback domains in condensate gas reservoirs.This achievement has been used in a pilot test in B well of L reservoirs.Test results demonstrate that after fracturing,compared with adjoining wells,its flowback ratio increases by 157%,53% for openflow,respectively,indicating an obvious stimulation effect.Moreover,this achievement is significant for effective producing immovable reserves in condensate gas reservoirs with low permeability.

关 键 词：低渗透凝析气藏 压裂 水锁伤害 凝析油伤害 控压返排 

分 类 号：TE377[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]