掺气减蚀技术及掺气设施研究进展  

Research progress of aeration cavitation reduction technology and aeration devices

作　　者：高昂 吴时强[1] 王芳芳[1] 朱森林 GAO Ang;WU Shiqiang;WANG Fangfang;ZHU Senlin(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic ResearchInstitute,Nanjing 210029,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2019年第2期86-94,共9页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51379128);国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA01000)

摘　　要：为优化掺气设施体型并对其水力特性进行研究,在已有理论研究成果与工程实践经验基础上,从水流掺气减蚀机理、掺气水流运动特性及掺气设施体型及布置三方面评述了水流掺气减蚀技术研究进展。针对目前掺气减蚀技术研究中存在的不足,认为今后应进一步加强多泡情况下空化泡-空气泡-边壁微观作用机制,近壁(底板、侧壁)水体掺气浓度、气泡特征的沿程演变规律,复杂条件下掺气设施体型优化等方面的研究。In order to optimize the shape of aeration devices and study their hydraulic characteristics,based on previous research achievements and engineering application experience,the mechanisms of flow aeration on mitigating cavitation erosion,dynamic characteristics of aeration flow,and shape and arrangement of aeration devices are reviewed in this study.Aiming at the shortcomings of the current research,it is suggested that research on the microcosmic mechanism of multi-bubble interaction such as cavitation bubble-air bubble-boundary interaction,the evolution law of aeration concentration and bubble characteristics in near-wall(floor,side wall)water body,and the optimization of aeration facility shape under complex conditions should be further strengthened.

关 键 词：高速水流 空蚀破坏 掺气减蚀机理 掺气水流特性 掺气设施 综述 

分 类 号：TV131.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]