优秀速滑运动员张虹下肢关节肌力特征研究  

Characteristics of lower limb muscle force of elite speed skater Zhang Hong

作　　者：黄达武[1] 吴瑛[2] 朱星 王新宝[1] 陈月亮 HUANG Da-wu;WU Ying;ZHU Xing;WANG Xin-bao;CHEN Yue-liang(College of P.E., Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China;Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;Dept.of P.E., Hubei Institute of Technology, Huangshi 435003, Hubei, China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学体育学院,江西南昌330022 [2]上海体育学院,上海200438 [3]湖北理工学院体育部,湖北黄石435003

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2019年第1期73-79,共7页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAK57B05);国家体育总局科研项目(2012A022);江西省社会科学规划项目(15YT03)

摘　　要：目的:研究优秀女子短距离速滑运动员张虹下肢三关节等速肌力特征,为速滑运动员力量训练的检验和实施提供参考。方法:运用德国产Isomed 2000等速测试系统对张虹下肢三关节、屈伸两过程进行角速度为60°/s和180°/s的等速肌力测试。结果:1)相对于踝背屈肌群而言,张虹踝背伸肌群肌力发展更好;肌力比在30%左右,左右踝同名肌群肌力差异在10%以内,平均功率符合专项要求;2)伸膝肌群速度力量发展优异,肌力比在55%左右;左右膝同名肌群肌力差在10%以内,平均功率大,快速做功能力强;3)髋关节屈、伸肌速度力量发展均较好,肌力比在50%左右,左右髋同名肌群肌力差在10%以内;4)快速屈伸过程中,左右腿三关节峰力矩角对称,速度对峰力矩角影响较小;膝、踝关节峰力矩角符合专项特征;5)与同水平运动员相比,张虹下肢三关节速度力量优势明显,肌力比合理,左右腿肌力发展更均衡。Objective:To study the characteristics of Zhang Hong lower limbs joints isokinetic muscle strength.Methods:Using German Isomed 2000 isokinetic test system testing flexion and extension process in Zhang's two lower limb joints at 60°/s and the 180°/s angular velocity.Results:1)Compared to the ankle dorsiflexion muscle,Zhang's ankle back extensor muscle strength is better;H/Q keeps in 30%or so,the difference PT between the same muscle in two legs is within 10%,and AP meets the professional requirements;2)the fast power of knee stretching muscle is excellent,H/Q keeps in 55%or so,the difference PT between the same muscle in two legs is within 10%,AP is great and fast work ability is prominent;3)the fast power of hip flexor and extensor are highly developed,H/Q keeps in 50%or so,the difference PT between the same muscle in two legs is within 10%;4)the AOPT of three joints in two legs are symmetry in fast action and less affected by the velocity;the AOPT in knee and ankle conforms to the professional requirements;5)Compared with athletes of the same level,Zhang's fast power in lower limb joints is obviously advantageous,H/Q keeps reasonable,and the strength of two legs is more balanced.

关 键 词：速度滑冰 峰力矩 平均功率 肌力比 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]