全球季风区的定义与变化及其影响因素  

Global Monsoon Region and Influencing Factors:Its Definition and Change

作　　者：彭思敏 李育[1,2] 李依婵 PENG Simin;LI Yu;LI Yichan(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University.Lanzhou 730000.China;Center for Hydrologic Cycle and WaterResources in Arid Region,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学干旱区水循环与水资源研究中心,兰州730000

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2019年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41822708;41571178);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA20100102);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(lzujbky-2018-k15)

摘　　要：从全球尺度对季风进行研究,以标准化风场季节变率(δ)和季风降水指数(MPI)这2种主要的全球季风定义方法为基础,计算出1964—2013年全球季风区平均分布,讨论了这2种结果的差异,并根据2种定义计算了全球季风指数和季风区面积时间序列,分析季风强度和季风面积的变化及相互关系。同时利用Ni■o-3.4 SST(Sea Surface Temperature)指数、南方涛动指数、太阳黑子指数以及海冰数据,使用相关分析、场分析等方法,初步探讨全球季风变化的影响因素。结果表明:(1)标准化风场季节变率定义下的季风区包含了全球大部分的季风区,主要有热带季风区、副热带季风区和温寒带季风区。季风降水定义的季风区基本覆盖了典型季风区,主要分布在热带和副热带地区;(2)在全球尺度上,季风强度和季风面积具有显著年际变化特征,且在1978—2013年间,全球季风强度呈减弱趋势,全球季风面积趋势则相反;(3)全球季风强度变化与Ni■o-3.4 SST指数和太阳黑子指数以及喀拉海、巴伦支海海域的海冰密集程度存在正向变化关系,与格陵兰海、楚科奇海海域的海冰密集程度呈负向变化关系。This research analyzed the monsoon at global scale,basing on two major definitions of global monsoon,the standardized seasonal variability(δ)of the wind field and the monsoon precipitation index(MPI),so that the average distribution of the global monsoon region during 1964-2013 was calculated.The effects and the causes of two different methods on the distribution of monsoon region were discussed.According to two definitions,the time series of the global monsoon index and monsoon area were calculated.Then the change and correlation of monsoon intensity and monsoon area were analyzed.By using Ni o-3.4 SST index,Southern Oscillation index,the sunspot index and sea ice data,influencing factors of the global monsoon change were discussed.The results show that the monsoon region under the definition of the normalized seasonality of winds field consists of most of the global monsoon regions,including the tropical monsoon region,the subtropical monsoon region and the temperate monsoon region.The monsoon area defined by monsoon precipitation basically covers typical monsoon regions,mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions.On a global scale,monsoon intensity and monsoon area are characterized by significant interannual variations.During 1978 and 2013,the intensity of the global monsoon is decreasing,with increasing area.There is a positive change relation between the intensity of the global monsoon and the Ni o-3.4 SST index,the sunspot index,the sea ice density in the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea,and a negative change relation between the intensity of the global monsoon and the sea ice density in the Greenland Sea and the Chukchi Sea.

关 键 词：全球季风区 季风强度 季风范围 影响因素 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]