效仿与革新:20世纪50年代的中国展览会  

Imitation and Innovation:Chinese Exhibitions in the 1950s

作　　者：冯玮[1] 张凡 Feng Wei;Zhang Fan(Institute of Tourism Development,Department of Tourism Management,Hubei University;Hubei Provincial Chamber of Commerce of Convention and Exhibition;Guangzhou University)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学旅游发展研究院旅游管理系 [2]中国会展经济研究会统计委员会、湖北省会展业商会 [3]广州大学

出　　处：《文化发展论丛》2018年第1期268-286,共19页Culture Development Review

摘　　要：展览业是构建现代市场体系和开放型经济体系的一个重要平台。展览业通过展示、展销、广告、交流等多种综合性的商贸活动,对经济、社会、文化的发展起到了很强的促进作用。作为工业化和城市化的产物,经贸展览在中国,如果从1851年中国商人徐荣村自费参加伦敦世界博览会算起,已有160多年的历史。新中国成立后,经济、社会和文化呈现出特有的面貌。在此时代背景下,中国展览会在办展目的、办展方式、展馆建设方面呈现出新的发展特点。展览会举办的目的多元,出境展、入境展特色鲜明,展馆建设初显成效。20世纪50年代举办的展览会肩负着重要的政治、经济和文化使命,其时展览事业发展与新中国成立之初计划经济体制下的社会主义改造实践息息相关,也得到了党和国家领导人的高度重视,这一时期举办的展览会,刻上了浓厚的时代烙印,如规模宏大的农业展览会、宣传“大跃进”思想的展览会、基于严格计划经济的展览会。这一时期举办的展览会也体现了展览会的综合效应,发挥了展览会的多重功能,如促进产业发展、服务政治宣传、展示发展成就、促进技术交流与传播和增进国家友谊。对20世纪50年代中国展览会的考察,有助于整体把握新中国成立后中国展览事业发展的背景、历程和特点,以及新中国展览业发展的历史轨迹。The exhibition industry is an important platform for constructing modern market system and opening-up economy system.Through display,sales,advertising,communication and other comprehensive business activities,the exhibition industry has played a very important role in economic,social and cultural development.As a product of industrialization and urbanization,the trade exhibition in China has a history of more than 160 years since Xu Rongcun,a Chinese businessman,participated in the Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations held in London at its own expense in 1851.After the founding of New China,China's economy,society and culture showed its unique features.Under the background of this era,the purpose,mode and construction of Chinese exhibition presented new characteristics.The purpose of the exhibition was diverse,the exhibitions held within and outside China showed distinctive characteristics,and the construction of exhibition hall began to thrive.The exhibition held in 1950s was shouldering an important political,economic and cultural mission.At that time,the development of the exhibition was closely related to the socialist transformation practice under the planned economic system in the early days of the founding of New China.The Chinese government leaders also paid great attention to development of exhibition industry.The exhibitions held during this period was branded with historical imprints,the large-scale agricultural exhibitions,the exhibition functioned as propaganda of the Great Leap Forward ideas,and the exhibitions based on a strictly planned economy are typical exhibition of this period.The exhibition held during this period also reflects the comprehensive effect of the exhibition,giving full play to the multiple functions of the exhibition,such as promoting industrial development,serving political propaganda,showing development achievements,promoting technology exchange and communication and increasing national friendship.The investigation of the China Exhibition in 1950s will help

关 键 词：效仿 革新 展览会 广交会 

分 类 号：F121[经济管理—世界经济]