宽频带特高分辨率地震反射时间和振幅随频率变化规律  

Variation laws of the reflection time and amplitude with the frequency in broadband ultra-high-resolution seismic survey

作　　者：李子顺[1] 郭学斌[1] 孙姝婷 LI Zishun;GUO Xuebin;SUN Shuting(Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd., Daqing 163712,China;No.3 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd., Daqing 163311, China)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司第三采油厂,黑龙江大庆163311

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2019年第1期127-133,共7页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：国家"十三五"专项"松辽盆地北部致密油资源潜力;甜点区预测与关键技术应用"(2016ZX05046)

摘　　要：江75井区宽频带特高分辨率地震大幅度提高了地震分辨率,并使反射同相轴数目增加,同时相同地层的反射界面与常规地震剖面相比存在明显时差,反射振幅也发生了较大变化。为了分析其原因,根据薄层地震响应原理,用不同频率合成地震记录和正演模型研究了薄层地震反射时间和振幅随频率变化规律。薄层反射时间随着频率提高垂向逐渐归位,层间干扰变小,薄层厚度更准确;薄层反射振幅随着频率提高逐渐增强,薄层反射横向分辨率不断提高。江75井区宽频带特高分辨率地震反射波垂向归位好,反射时间精度高,薄层砂岩反射振幅得到增强。应用同一反射层高低频地震之间的反射时差与薄层储层反射同相轴振幅属性分析2种方法,使江75井区河道砂体剖面、平面特征明显,提高了薄互层储层的识别能力,为寻找和落实储层分布与含油气圈闭提供了有效的技术支持。The seismic resolution was greatly improved by broadband ultra-high-resolution seismic survey in Well Block J75, the number of the reflection events was increased, at the same time, there existed obvious time difference in the reflection interface of the same stratum from the conventional seismic profile, the reflection amplitude changed greatly. In order to analyze the causes of this phenomena, according to the principle of seismic response of the thin layer, the variation laws of the seismic reflection time and amplitude with the frequency was studied by the synthetic seismic records and forward models with different frequencies. The reflection time of the thin layer gradually relocates with increasing the frequency, so the interlayer interference becomes smaller and the thickness of the thin layer is more accurate;the reflection amplitude of the thin layer gradually increases with increasing the frequency, so the transverse resolution of the reflection to the thin layer continuously increases. The reflection wave of the broadband ultra-high-resolution seismic survey in Well Block J75 vertically relocates better, so the precision of the reflection time is higher, the reflection amplitude of the thin layer sandstone is enhanced. With the help of applying the reflection time difference in the same reflecting layer from low to high frequency seismic survey and the analysis of the amplitude attributes in the reflection events of the thin reservoir, the sectional and planar characteristics of the channel sandbody in the block are obvious, so the recognizing ability of the thin interbedded reservoirs is improved, thus the effective technical support is provided for finding out and implementing the reservoir distribution and hydrocarbon traps.

关 键 词：宽频带 特高分辨率地震 反射时间 反射振幅 频率 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]