论乡村建设的主体、路径与方向——基于湖北省官桥村老年人协会的分析  

The Subject, Path and Direction of Rural Construction:An Analysis Based on the Elderly Association in Guanqiao Village in Hubei Province

作　　者：李永萍 Li Yongping

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学中国乡村治理研究中心

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2019年第2期110-122,共13页China Rural Survey

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第63批面上资助项目"农村老年人危机与乡村振兴的组织机制研究"(项目编号:2018M630845);国家社科基金青年项目"新乡贤参与农村社区治理的模式和路径研究"(项目编号:18CSH010)的资助

摘　　要：进入21世纪以来,农村市场化和农民城市化改变了乡村社会秩序的基础。传统乡村秩序逐渐解体,乡村社会活力渐趋衰退。老年人日益成为乡村社会的主体,这一现象定义了乡村建设的需求和空间。农村老年人协会回应了城市化进程中的乡村建设需求,是乡村建设的重要载体。通过考察湖北省官桥村老年人协会的建设实践,笔者发现老年人协会建设的资源输入、村庄本位、组织动员和文化导向等机制激发了村庄社会的内生活力和农民的主体性,承载了乡村建设的意义。老年人协会不仅增进了老年人群体的福利,还辐射至村庄社会,促进了村庄社会整合与公共秩序再生产。因此,农村老年人协会在一定程度上缓解了空心化和老龄化导致的农村社会资本流失和文化生活凋敝,从某种意义上讲,它奠定了乡村振兴的组织基础。因此,需要正视乡村社会转型的实践过程,从农村老龄化和经济空心化的基础出发,坚持底线思维和农民本位,探索符合农民主体需求的乡村建设道路,这是乡村振兴的应有之义。Since the beginning of the 21 st century,rural marketization and rural urbanization have changed the basis of rural social order.The traditional rural order has gradually disintegrated,and rural social vitality has gradually declined.The elderly has increasingly become the main body in the rural society,which defines the needs and space of rural construction.The rural elderly association responds to the needs of rural construction in the process of urbanization and is an important carrier of rural construction.Through the investigation of the construction practice of the Elderly Association in Guanqiao Village,Hubei Province,this study finds that the mechanisms of the construction of the Elderly Association,such as resource input,village-oriented,organizational mobilization and cultural orientation,stimulate the endogenous vitality of the village society and the subjectivity of farmers,and carry the significance of rural construction.The Elderly Association not only improves the welfare of the elderly group,but also radiates to the village society,promoting the social integration of the village and the reproduction of public order.Therefore,the rural elderly association alleviates the loss of rural social capital and the withering of cultural life caused by hollowing and ageing to a certain extent.In a sense,it lays the organizational foundation of rural revitalization.Therefore,it is necessary to face up to the practical process of rural social transformation,start from the foundation of rural ageing,adhere to the thinking of the bottom line and farmers'standard,and explore the rural construction road in line with the needs of farmers,which is the proper meaning of rural revitalization.

关 键 词：乡村建设 文化建设 老年人协会 组织农民 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]