族群民主:族群分裂社会民主化转型的尝试  

Ethnic Democracy:An Attempt at Democratization in Ethnically Divided Societies

作　　者：严庆 于浩宇 Yan Qing;Yu Haoyu(Minzu University of China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国民族理论与民族政策研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《学术界》2019年第2期82-92,236,237,共13页Academics

摘　　要：族群民主是回应族群分裂社会如何践行民主制度的思考与尝试,其特征是核心民族的形成先于国家的形成、核心民族的价值高于民主价值、视国内少数民族为持续威胁。族群民主是一种防御性的民主制度,其本质在于有限赋权,而非族群同权。缺乏合法性和稳定性是族群民主的内在缺陷,但与权利垄断和一族统治相比,族群民主又具有一定的进步性,它顺应了公民权利和集体权利的普遍化趋势,迎合了精英对民主的承诺和大众对民主的期待,允许少数民族以和平的方式参与政治生活,从而降低了引起激烈的社会暴乱和族际冲突的可能性。Ethnic democracy is a notion attempting at achieving democracy in ethnically divided societies,which is characterized by the formation of core ethnic nation before the formation of the state.The values of a core ethnic nation is higher than democratic values,and is constant threat to ethnic minorities.As a defensive strategy,ethnic democracy calls for limited empowerment rather than equal rights of ethnic groups.Lacking of legitimacy and stability are intrinsic defects of ethnic democracy.However,compared with the monopoly and ethnocracy,ethnic democracy is progressive in several ways.It complies with the universalization of civil and collective rights,caters to the elite’s commitment to democracy and public expectations of democracy,and allows the ethnic minorities to participate in political life peacefully,thereby reduces the possibility of serious social riots and ethnic conflicts.

关 键 词：族群民主 族群分裂社会 核心民族 

分 类 号：D032[政治法律—政治学]