氮肥减量与替代方式对华南稻区水稻产量及氮肥利用效率的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Reducing and Replacement on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in the Region of Southern China

作　　者：郑华斌[1] 傅荣富 贾巍[1] 唐启源[1] ZHENG Huabin;FU Rongfu;JIA Wei;TANG Qiyuan(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Jiangmen Agricultural Science Research Institute,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529700,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]江门市农业科学研究所,广东江门529700

出　　处：《作物研究》2019年第2期91-95,共5页Crop Research

基　　金：国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01-26)

摘　　要：通过氮肥减量和替代确保水稻稳产,提高氮肥利用效率,实现资源节约和环境友好的双重目的。试验设计不施氮(N0)、3种减氮配施生物有机肥和3种减氮配施钮翠绿有机复合液肥施肥模式,以当地施肥水平为对照,研究生物有机肥或钮翠绿有机复合液肥配施及不同减氮比例处理对水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明:生物有机肥配施模式平均减氮30%的情况下,早、晚稻的平均产量略低于常规施肥模式,钮翠绿有机复合液肥配施模式表现出类似的趋势;与常规施肥模式相比,生物有机肥或钮翠绿有机复合液肥配施平均减氮30%的情况下,氮肥偏生产力平均提高了34. 3%,表明通过施用生物有机肥或钮翠绿有机复合液肥配施减量化肥是可行的,是一条化肥减量和水稻稳产的有效途径。By nitrogen reducing and replacement,the rice grain yield can be maintained and nitrogen use efficiency can be improved,which achieve dual purpose of resource saving and environment friendly.Designing six fertilization modes including nitrogen-free(N0),three nitrogen-reducing combined application of bio-organic fertilizer and three nitrogen-reducing combined application of organic compound liquid fertilizer Niucuilü,using the local fertilization level as the control,this paper study the effects of application of bio-organic fertilizer or Niucuilü organic compound liquid fertilizer and different proportion of nitrogen reduction on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.The results show that grain yield of early rice and late rice in the treatment of bio-organic fertilizer combined with averagely 30% nitrogen reduction was slightly less than that of local applying nitrogen fertilizer model.Similar trend was found on the treatment of Niucuilü organic liquid fertilizer combined with averagely 30% nitrogen reducing.In additional,compared with local applying nitrogen fertilizer model,nitrogen partial factor productivity in treatment of bio-organic fertilizer,or Niucuilü organic liquid fertilizer combined with averagely 30% nitrogen reduction increase averagely by 34.3%.Therefore,our results suggest that it is an efficiency way of nitrogen reduction and rice grain yield maintaining via the treatment of organic liquid fertilizer combined with nitrogen reduction.

关 键 词：水稻 施肥 有机肥 氮肥偏生产力 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]