从古全浊声母的读音层次看湘南土话的性质  

On the Nature of Tuhua Dialects in Southern Hu'nan Province from the Perspective of Historical Stratum of MC Voiced Initials

作　　者：尹凯[1] YIN Kai

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学文学院

出　　处：《方言》2019年第1期114-127,共14页Dialect

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"语言接触与郴州土话语音演变研究"(编号:16CYY015)阶段性成果

摘　　要：剖析湘南土话古全浊声母清化的历史层次,可以看出古全浊今逢塞音、塞擦音的声母在早期层次中分为两种类型:一种是无论平仄全读送气音,是客赣方言的特征;另一种是古並、定母读不送气音,其他声母读送气音。结合移民史和音位感知理论得出,这是不同时代的客赣方言互相融合的结果,是完成浊音清化的客赣方言向未完成浊音清化的客赣方言学习,受母方言音位感知能力所限导致的现象。湘南土话的早期性质是客赣方言。Analyzing the historical stratum of the devoicing of the MC voiced initials in Tuhua dialects in southern Hu'nan province,this paper classifies the affricates and stops from MC voiced initials into two types: 1) All are aspirated in spite of tone features,which is the character of Hakka and Gan group;2) MC Bing 並 and Ding 定 initials are unaspirated while others aspirated.With regard to the history of immigration and the phoneme perception theory,the latter type results from the fusion of Hakka and Gan group in different times.The devoiced Hakka and Gan group must have learned from the undevoiced one,but the phoneme perception is insufficient.The paper argues that the nature of early Tuhua dialects in southern Hu'nan province belongs to Hakka and Gan gourp.

关 键 词：湘南土话 古全浊声母 历史层次 移民 音位感知 方言性质 

分 类 号：H172.3[语言文字—汉语]