整形素对红花玉兰娇红2号苗木的矮化效应  

Dwarfing Effect of Morphactin on Magnolia wufengensis ‘Jiaohong 2’ Seedlings

作　　者：张山山 陈思雨 王艺 贾忠奎[1] 马履一[1] 桑子阳 朱仲龙 Zhang Shanshan;Chen Siyu;Wang Yi;Jia Zhongkui;Ma Lüyi;Sang Ziyang;Zhu Zhonglong(Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation,Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University ,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Wufeng Boling Magnolia Technology Development Co.Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083 [2]五峰博翎红花玉兰科技发展有限公司

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2019年第3期22-26,37,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201504704);国家林业局林业知识产权转化应用项目(知转2017-11)

摘　　要：为研究红花玉兰矮化栽培技术,以湖北大田的娇红2号为材料,嫁接后第1年6月初喷施整形素(0、50、100、200、300 mg·L^(-1)),第2年6月初对喷药苗木剪去1/4株高,比较了不同处理对红花玉兰苗木生长的影响。结果表明:整形素在喷施当年明显抑制了苗木高生长和粗生长,并促进侧枝抽发。最佳质量浓度200 mg·L^(-1)处理下,苗木株高降低48.1%,茎粗减少28.4%,高茎比缩小28.3%,一级和二级枝数密度分别增加14.9%和33.3%。整形素对高生长的抑制时效为2～4个月,第2年需追加矮化措施。第2年6月初修剪1/4株高对整形素诱导的矮化冠型结构起到固持作用,使喷药苗木高茎比减小,茎粗、枝长密度、一级和二级枝数密度增大;根据主成分得分的权重综合排序,确定第1年喷施200 mg·L^(-1)整形素、第2年修剪1/4株高的矮化效果最好,株高仅103.5 cm,为对照的50.8%,枝长密度、一级枝数密度和二级枝数密度分别为对照的1.3倍、1.4倍和5.3倍;建议将大田矮化苗移栽至盆器,或选盆栽苗进行矮化栽培。To study dwarfing cultivation techniques of Magnolia wufengensis,‘Jiaohong 2’seedlings in the field were selected as materials in Hubei Province.Foliar application of different concentrations(0,50,100,200,and 300 mg·L^-1)of morphactin was conducted in the first early June after grafted,and a quarter height of cutting was conducted for sprayed seedlings in the second early June.The effects of different treatments on the seedlings growth were investigated.Morphactin spray had significant inhibition effects on the seedling height and diameter,and motivated lateral branches.Treated with the recommended mass concentration of 200 mg·L^-1,seedling height,diameter and height diameter ratio(H/D)were decreased by 48.1%,28.4%and 28.3%,first and second lateral branch densities respectively increased by 14.9%and 33.3%,respectively.Morphactin only reduced the height growth in 2-4 months,and additional dwarfing measures should be taken when the second growing season started.Cutting a quarter of height in the second early June maintained the dwarfing crown structure induced by morphactin application,and thus reducing H/D and increasing the diameter,branch length density,first and second lateral branch density.According to the integrated scores of weighted principal component,the best treatment is the combination of spraying 200 mg·L^-1 morphactin in the first early June and cutting 1/4 height in the second,resulting that seedlings height(103.5 cm)was reduced by 50.8%,and branch length density,first and second lateral branch density reached to 1.3,1.4 and 5.3 times compared to the control.Those dwarfing seedlings in the field are supposed to be potted.Alternatively,potted seedlings are better material for dwarfing cultivation.

关 键 词：红花玉兰 整形素 矮化 

分 类 号：S685.15[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q945.3[农业科学—园艺学]