环保型乳化炸药激发技术在四川盆地的应用  

Application of excitation technology with environment-friendly emulsion explosive to Sichuan Basin

作　　者：刘伟[1] 李明翼[2] 陈江力 赵晓红[2] 罗卫东 李彪 Liu Wei;Li Mingyi;Chen Jiangli;Zhao Xiaohong;Luo Weidong;Li Biao(Southwest Geophysical Company,CNPC BGP Inc.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China;Exploration Department,PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油东方地球物理公司西南物探分公司 [2]中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探事业部

出　　处：《天然气勘探与开发》2019年第1期42-48,共7页Natural Gas Exploration and Development

摘　　要：四川盆地一直采用铵梯炸药进行地震采集,存在一定的环保安全隐患。而环保型乳化炸药的化学组分和物理属性显示其安全性、抗水性、爆炸性良好,无论是爆炸产物还是遗留炸药的降解都无污染。通过在四川盆地川南低陡构造带砂泥岩区、川东高陡复杂构造带的石灰岩区、川西低缓构造带的第四系砾石区的激发试验表明:①环保型乳化炸药完全可以替代常规铵梯炸药作为地震勘探中的激发震源,无论在低缓构造带上还是高陡构造带上都能够获得高信噪比的地震原始资料;②环保型乳化炸药替代铵梯炸药可沿用铵梯炸药的生产井深、观测系统以及检波器类型和埋置方式,但药量采用略有差别,在第四系砾石和侏罗系泥岩激发区相同条件下药量相等,在侏罗系砂岩和三叠系激发区乳化炸药药量要增加2 kg。AN-TNT explosive, which has been all the time used for acquisition in Sichuan Basin, often brings about certain hidden trouble to environment and safety. However, another environment-friendly one, emulsion explosive is characterized by better safety, water resistance, and explosivity in terms of chemical composition and petrophysical property. Meanwhile, the degradation of its products and remains is not pollutant. Many excitation tests on this emulsion explosive were carried out in Sichuan Basin, such as the sand shale area in low and steep structural belt of southern basin, the limestone zone in high and steep complex structural belt of eastern basin, and the Quaternary gravel zone in low and gentle structural belt of western basin. Results show that,(1) this environment-friendly emulsion explosive can completely replace that AN-TNT one to serve as an excitation source. After its use, some primary seismic data with higher S/N ratio in not only low and gentle but also high and steep structural belts can be obtained;(2) when it is adopted to replace AN-TNT one, the production well depth, geometry, and geophone type and imbedment mode special for AN-TNT explosive may also be used, but the dosage is slightly different. For example, the dosage used for excitation zones of Quaternary gravel and Jurassic mudstone is the same, but 2 kg more for other zones of Jurassic sandstone and Triassic formation.

关 键 词：乳化炸药 铵梯炸药 降解 砂泥岩 石灰岩 砾石 环保勘探 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]