蓝莓枝干溃疡病病原鉴定及品种抗病性研究  

Pathogen isolation and identification of blueberry stem canker and screening of disease resistant cultivars

作　　者：康海婷 凌丹燕[1,2] 吴志娟 路梅 宗宇[1] 郭卫东[1] KANG Haiting;LING Danyan;WU Zhijuan;LU Mei;ZONG Yu;GUO Weidong(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Jinhua Jinglong Biotechnology Company,Jinhua 321000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]金华市荆龙生物科技有限公司,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2019年第3期436-443,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重点研发计划(2018C02007);浙江省公益技术研究项目(2015C32080);浙江省新苗人才计划(2015R404046);浙江师范大学博士基金科研项目

摘　　要：为明确引起蓝莓枝干溃疡病的病原菌,为该病害的田间诊断及综合防治提供参考,采用组织分离法和单孢分离法对引起蓝莓枝干溃疡病的病原菌进行了分离纯化,利用柯赫氏法则、菌落形态特征及核糖体DNA内转录间隔区序列(rDNA-ITS)对菌株进行了分类鉴定,采用活体接种病原菌和病斑长度测量的方法检测了5种蓝莓品种的抗病性。从病枝分离得到疑似病原菌菌株15株(JA1～JA8、JB1～JB7),菌株JA4和JB2均可导致蓝莓枝干溃疡病。rDNA-ITS序列分析和菌落形态学鉴定发现,JA4为拟茎点霉菌(Phomopsis sp.),JB2为葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)。接种试验表明,布里吉塔、蓝丰和蓝美人对枝干溃疡病的抗性没有显著差异。拟茎点霉菌(Phomopsis sp.)和葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)均可以引起蓝莓枝干溃疡病,拟茎点霉菌在春天条件适宜情况下可由花芽侵入,而葡萄座腔菌必须从伤口侵染,两种病原菌也可以产生复合侵染。蓝莓品种布里吉塔、蓝美人和蓝丰等品种抗性强;夏普蓝易受病原菌侵染,抗病性差。To verify the pathogens that lead to stem canker on blueberry,and provide a theoretical basis for field diagnosis and integrated control of the disease,the pathogens causing stem canker of blueberry were isolated and purified by tissue separation and single spore separation.Identification of pathogen were carried out using Koch s postulates,morphological characteristics and inter transcriptional spacer of ribosome DNA(rDNA-ITS).In vivo inoculation of pathogen and spot length measurement were performed to detect the resistance of five blueberry cultivars to stem canker.The test results showed that both strains JA4 and JB2 could cause stem canker on blueberries.ITS sequences analyses and colony identification revealed that strains JA4 and JB2 were Phomopsis sp.and Botryosphaeria dothidea,respectively.The inoculation results indicated that there was no significant difference in the resistance to stem canker among Brigitta,Bluecrop and Bluebelle.Both Phomopsis sp.and Botryosphaeria dothidea could cause stem canker on blueberry.Phomopsis sp.could be invaded by flower buds,and Botryosphaeria dothidea could be infected by the wound.The blueberry cultivars Brigitta,Bluecrop and Bluebelle showed higher resistance than Sharpblue,which was susceptible to infection by the pathogen and showed weaker resistance than other four cultivars.

关 键 词：蓝莓 枝干溃疡病 拟茎点霉菌 葡萄座腔菌 抗病性 

分 类 号：S436.63[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]