基于HYDRUS-2D软件的土壤水力特征参数反演及间接地下滴灌的土壤水分运动模拟  

Identification of soil hydraulic parameters based on HYDRUS-2D software and simulation of soil water movement under indirect subsurface drip irrigation

作　　者：俞明涛 张科锋[2] YU Mingtao;ZHANG Kefeng(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Ningbo Institute of Technology,Zhejiang University,Ningbo 315100,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学宁波理工学院,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2019年第3期458-468,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51379187);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y201737690);宁波市农业富民计划(2016C10057)

摘　　要：间接地下滴灌是一种能有效减少地表蒸发、提高水分运输效率的新型滴灌方式。虽然土壤水分运动模拟已成为优化滴灌的重要工具,但由于土壤水力特征参数难以确定,模拟结果往往不够精确。为此,基于室内间接地下滴灌实验数据,利用HYDRUS-2D软件对土壤水力特征参数进行反演尝试,并探究边界均匀出水时,不同规格(直径、高度)的间接地下滴灌导水装置下形成的土壤水分分布差异。结果表明,HYDRUS-2D软件能有效地反演土壤水力特征参数,用反演参数模拟的土壤含水量和湿润距离与实测值吻合良好,基于3个反演参数和4个反演参数的模拟效果差异不大,计算模型的纳什效率系数分别为0.716和0.714。灌溉时不同直径、相同透水边界高度的装置对侧边和底部的含水量分布影响不大,而相同直径、不同透水边界高度的装置对侧边和底部的含水量分布影响较大。研究结果可为间接地下灌溉时导水装置规格的选取与农业水分精准管理提供科学依据。Indirect subsurface drip irrigation is a new drip irrigation method,which can effectively reduce surface evaporation and improve water transport efficiency in soil.Although numerical modeling of soil water movement has become an important tool for optimizing irrigation,the predictions are often not sufficiently accurate due to the uncertainty of soil hydraulic property values.In this study,based on the laboratory data from the experiments on indirect subsurface drip irrigation,it was attempted to infer the soil hydraulic parameters by using HYDRUS-2D software.Also,the difference in soil water content distribution was numerically explored for drip irrigation devices with different specifications(diameter and height).The results showed that the HYDRUS-2D software could effectively infer the soil hydraulic parameters.The simulated soil water content and wetting distance using the inferred soil hydraulic parameters agreed well with the measured values.The differences in simulated results based on the 3 and 4 inferred parameters were not significantly different.The calculated Nash-Sutcliff model performance coefficient was 0.716 and 0.714,respectively.The irrigation device with the same permeable boundary height but different diameter had little effect on soil water content distribution around the water guide device,while the device with the same diameter but different permeable boundary height had a bigger effect on water content distribution.The results obtained in this study could provide a scientific basis for the selection of water guide device specifications and the precision management of agricultural water for indirect subsurface irrigation.

关 键 词：间接地下滴灌 土壤水分分布 水力特征参数反演 农业用水管理 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]