苏州市水环境中典型抗生素污染特征及生态风险评估  

Occurrence, Distribution and Risk Assessment of Typical Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of Suzhou City

作　　者：杨俊 王汉欣 吴韵斐 任龙飞[1] 张小凡[1] 何义亮[1,3] YANG Jun;WANG Hanxin;WU Yunfei;REN Longfei;ZHANG Xiaofan;HE Yiliang(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240,China;China-UK Low Carbon College,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240,China;School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiao Tong University,Lanzhou,730070,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240 [2]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]上海交通大学中英国际低碳学院,上海200240

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2019年第2期359-368,共10页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07205);上海交通大学-新加坡国立大学重大国际合作项目(E2S2-CREATE项目)

摘　　要：水环境中抗生素残留会诱导产生抗性微生物和抗生素抗性基因,进而对水生态稳定性、饮用水安全和人类健康造成潜在威胁,因此对城市水环境抗生素污染开展相关研究具有重要意义。为系统了解苏州市水环境中抗生素污染水平、空间分布特征和生态风险,于2017年10月在苏州市29个采样断面开展采样工作,采用固相萃取法结合UPLC-MS/MS技术研究了表层水、悬浮物和沉积物样品中14种典型抗生素的含量水平,并通过风险熵值(RQ)法进行生态风险评估。结果表明,NFX、OFX、LEX、TC和LIN在表层水、悬浮物和沉积物中检出率均为100%。磺胺类、喹诺酮类、四环素类、大环内酯类和其他类抗生素在表层水中检出浓度范围分别为nd-41.9 ng·L^(-1)、nd-556 ng·L^(-1)、3.27-547 ng·L^(-1)、nd-22.7 ng·L^(-1)和nd-253ng·L^(-1)。喹诺酮类和四环素类抗生素在悬浮物和沉积物中平均含量最高,以NFX和OTC为主。在悬浮物中,NFX和OTC的平均质量分数分别为169 ng·g^(-1)和66.7 ng·g^(-1),平均质量浓度分别为14.4 ng·L^(-1)和4.61 ng·L^(-1)。在沉积物中,NFX和OTC的平均质量分数分别为45.9ng·g^(-1)和47.3ng·g^(-1)。在空间分布上,古城区表层水和沉积物中的抗生素含量高于城郊区和运河区,说明古城区抗生素污染更为严重。分配系数表明,各大类抗生素的悬浮物-水平均分配系数(1 143-10 887L·kg^(-1))均大于沉积物-水平均分配系数(209-4 492 L·kg^(-1))。风险评估结果表明,OTC、TC、DC和NFX的lg RQ值大于^(-1),表现出中等风险到高风险;SQX和VAN的lg RQ值小于-4,表现出极低风险。人类活动强度大的古城区各断面呈现出较大风险,而漕湖、澄湖、阳澄湖等人类活动较少的湖泊水体中风险较小,进一步说明人类活动强度与抗生素污染程度密切相关。Antibiotic residues in the aquatic environment can induce the generation of microbial resistance and antibiotic resistance genes,thus may threaten the stability of water ecosystem,safety of drinking water and human health.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the characteristics of antibiotic contamination in urban water environment.In order to investigate the contamination levels,spatial distribution characteristics and ecological risks of antibiotics in the aquatic environment of Suzhou,29 sampling sites were selected and the sampling campaign was conducted in October 2017.SPE coupled with UPLC-MS/MS was carried out to examine the contents of antibiotics,and ecological risk was assessed by risk quotients(RQ).Results showed that the detection frequencies of NFX,OFX,LEX,TC and LIN in surface water,suspended particulate matter(SPM)and sediments were up to 100%.The concentration of sulfonamides,quinolones,tetracyclines,macrolides and others antibiotics in surface water was nd.41.9 ng.L^-1,nd.556 ng.L^-1,3.27.547 ng.L^-1,nd.22.7 ng.L^-1 and nd.253 ng.L^-1,respectively.Quinolones and tetracyclines had the highest average content in SPM and sediments,especially for NFX and OTC.In SPM,the average content of NFX and OTC was 169 ng.g^-1 and 66.7 ng.g^-1,while the mean mass concentration was 14.4 ng.L^-1 and 4.61 ng.L^-1,respectively.In sediments,the average content of NFX and OTC was 45.9 ng.g^-1 and 47.3 ng.g^-1,respectively.For surface water and sediments,the content of antibiotics in old town area was higher than that in suburb and canal areas,indicating that old town area was more serious polluted.Besides,the Pseudo-partitioning coefficient(Kd)showed that the Kd value of SPM-water(1143.10 887 L.kg^-1)was larger than sediment-water(209.4 492 L.kg^-1)for each type of antibiotics.Risk assessment showed that the lgRQ value of OTC,TC,DC and NFX was higher than-1,which exhibited medium risk to high risk.However,the lgRQ value of SQX and VAN was smaller than-4,suggesting extremely low risk.Higher risk was found in

关 键 词：抗生素 污染特征 悬浮物 分配行为 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824