尾座式无人机续航时间估算模型  

Estimation Model of Endurance Time for Tail-sitter UAV

作　　者：刘文帅[1,2] 姚小敏 师志强[3] 淡煦珈 韩文霆 LIU Wenshuai;YAO Xiaomin;SHI Zhiqiang;DAN Xujia;HAN Wenting(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Agriculture Internet of Things,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;General Office,People s Government of Gu an County,Gu an 065500,China;Nanjing Hepu Aero Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211300,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业农村部农业物联网重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]固安县人民政府办公室,固安065500 [4]南京禾谱航空科技有限公司,南京211300 [5]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2019年第3期80-90,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0403203);自治区科技支疆项目(2016E02105);西北农林科技大学学科重点建设项目(2017-C03);陕西省水利科技项目(2017SLKJ-7)

摘　　要：为研究尾座式无人机翼展长、翼根弦长、翼梢弦长、机翼后掠角、小翼翼梢长、小翼展长、小翼高、小翼后掠角、小翼厚度和小翼脚长等10个结构参数对无人机续航时间的影响,利用CATIA和ANSYS建立了尾座式无人机及其外流场的三维实体模型,采用SST k-ω模型在ANSYS CFX中模拟无人机在130种不同结构参数组合下的气动特性,利用方差分析确定气动系数的特征因子为翼展长、后掠角、小翼厚度和小翼脚长,建立了4个特征因子与气动系数的多元回归模型;结合质量系数方程,最终建立了结构参数与续航时间的关系模型,精度达0. 97。采用风洞试验的方法对数值模拟结果进行验证,测量4架样机在巡航状态下的气动系数,相对误差小于14%,数值模拟方法可靠。采用定高定点盘旋的方法进行样机试飞试验,对续航时间模型进行验证,连续记录不同剩余电量时的飞行时间,结果相对误差小于15%,模型可靠。An agricultural vertical take-off and landing( VTOL) tail-sitter UAV with symmetrical winglets and wings was designed. The main parameters of the tai-sitter,wingspan,wing root,wing slightly,sweep angle,winglet slightly,winglet slightly longer,winglet height,winglet sweep angle,winglet thickness and winglet length were investigated to study the relationship between the structural parameters and the endurance time. The 3 D model of tail-sitter and its outflow field were established with CATIA and ANSYS software. The outflow field of tail-sitter was simulated by using computational fluid dynamics( CFD) software with model under 130 different structural parameter combinations. The feature factors of aerodynamic coefficients and weight coefficients were screened with the analysis of variance. Relationship between characteristic structural parameters and endurance time was established with the accuracy of0. 97. Four models of aircraft were processed by 3 D printing technology for wind tunnel test. The aerodynamic coefficients of the aircrafts in cruise state were measured. The relative error between aerodynamic coefficient numerical simulation and wind tunnel test results was less than 14%. Simulation results were verified by measuring the endurance time in the fixed-point hover of the two produced UAV samples. The result showed that the relative error was less than 15%,and the model can be used to optimize the design of structural parameters for the agricultural VTOL tail-sitter UAV.

关 键 词：尾座式无人机 气动特性 垂直起降 续航时间 

分 类 号：V279.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]