见义勇为者责任豁免规则的合理使用  

Study on the Responsibility Exemption Rules for Good Samaritans

作　　者：常磊[1] CHANG Lei(School of Law,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学法学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《济源职业技术学院学报》2019年第1期19-23,共5页Journal of Jiyuan Vocational and Technical College

摘　　要：《民法总则》于第184条规定了见义勇为者的责任豁免。相较以往法律的规定,该条文对见义勇为者的利益进行了更好的保护;然而,一概免除见义勇为者对被救助者所造成的损害却引来了许多争议。好撒玛利亚人法和机会丧失理论对我国相关立法可以提供新的启发:即以故意和重大过失作为见义勇为者承担民事责任的界限,从而可以有效平衡见义勇为者与被救助者的关系;而见义勇为者因重大过失造成被救助者的损失,其赔偿金计算的基准在于受害人丧失的机会价值而非造成的实际损害。Article 184 of the General Principles of Civil Law stipulates the duty exemption for good Samaritans.Compared with the provisions of previous laws,this provision better protects the interests of good Samaritans.However,there is a lot of controversy about the damage to the rescued people caused by the exemption of all good Samaritans.The good Samaritan law and the theory of opportunity loss can provide new enlightenment for China’s relevant legislation: that is to take willful misconduct and gross negligence as the limits of civil liability of good Samaritans,so as to effectively balance the relationship between good Samaritans and the rescued;The compensation for the loss of the victim due to gross negligence is based on the lost opportunity value rather than the actual damage.

关 键 词：见义勇为 责任豁免 好撒玛利亚人法 机会丧失理论 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]