江湖诗人的典型形象及其意义——以戴复古为代表  

The Typical Image and the Significance of Jiang Hu Poets——Centered around Dai Fugu

作　　者：熊海英[1] Xiong Haiying(Hubei University)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学文学院

出　　处：《中文论坛》2018年第1期76-93,共18页Forum of Chinese Language and Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金“南宋士阶层分化与文学生态之新变”(11BZW051)

摘　　要：戴复古出身平民,终身布衣;以诗为业,以诗人自视;奔波道途,求利求名,符合“江湖诗人”最核心、最狭窄的定义。他兼擅唐律与古体,欲兼融“江西”派和“四灵”体,依凭才气性情,成为江湖诗人之翘楚。戴复古的诗歌创作实绩与其论诗主张有矛盾,这既表明诗歌风气在晚宋发生了阶段性的变化,也表明其主张综合了多方意见。“江湖诗人”群体的出现是南宋中期以后的新现象,戴复古及其诗歌的典型性为“江湖诗人”及“江湖体”的研究提供了一个起点和基准。“江湖诗人”概念的内涵可从诗人的身份、活动方式、活动空间三方面界定,“江湖体”的特征可从题材内容和体式风格两方面归纳。如何看待戴复古及其代表的江湖诗人,关系到如何认识晚宋至元代诗歌的嬗变轨迹。只有超脱于对个人节操、诗风雅俗的褒贬,才能对“江湖诗人”在诗歌史中的意义予以公允、全面的评价。Dai Fugu never took any official position throughout his lifetime,running around for fame and fortune as a Jiang Hu Poet.He becomes outstanding among Jiang Hu poets relying on his talent for regulated verse and classical poetry.His style is a combination of Yongjia and Jiangxi.There are contradictions between Dai s poetry creation achievement and the poetic theory,which not only shows the unique poetry atmosphere in the late Song Dynasty,but also indicates his theory combining multi-views.The emergence of“Jiang Hu poets”group is a new phenomenon after the mid-Song Dynasty.Dai and his poetry provided a starting point and benchmark for the study of“Jiang Hu poets”and“Jianghu style”.“Jiang Hu poets”has three levels of meaning:identity,behavioral,social;and“Jianghu style”can be summarized from the subjects and the poetic forms.How to treat Dai and Jianghu poets is related to how to understand the evolution of the poems of the late Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty.Only beyond the appraise of the moral compass and language style can we realize the historical significance of“Jiang Hu poets”in a fair and comprehensive way.

关 键 词：江湖诗人 江湖体 戴复古 

分 类 号：TV882.964[水利工程—水利水电工程]