印楝种子粗提物诱导烟草炭疽病抗性的生理效应  

Physiological effect of induced resistance to tobacco anthrax by neem seed curde extract

作　　者：胡亚杰[1] 韦建玉[1] 王丽晶[2] 陈吉荣 张纪利[1] 江定心[2] HU Ya-jie;WEI Jian-yu;WANG Li-jing;CHEN Ji-rong;ZHANG Ji-li;JIANG Ding-xin(China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530001,China;Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology,Ministry of Education,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,南宁530001 [2]天然农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室(华南农业大学),广州510642

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第3期524-532,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻14279004);广西中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划项目(2018450000340007;201645000034019)

摘　　要：【目的】研究印楝诱抗烟草炭疽病的机理,为烟草炭疽病的生物防治提供理论依据。【方法】测定根施印楝种子粉末对烟草炭疽病的防效,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测印楝种子粉末处理后烟草的NTF6、NtLox、NtSGT1、NtPAL、NtPDF、NPR1、NtRar1和PR1a等8个相关抗病基因的表达变化;对比叶面喷施不同印楝种子提取物(甲醇、乙酸乙酯和石油醚)溶液对烟草抗氧化酶活性的影响,并测定叶面喷施印楝种子甲醇提取物不同分离流分处理的烟叶总酚含量及抗炭疽病效果。【结果】根施印楝种子粉末可使烟草炭疽病的病情指数(26.67%)较对照(74.17%)显著降低(P<0.05,下同)。qRT-PCR检测结果表明,NPR1、NtRar1、NtSGT1和PR1a等4个抗病基因的相对表达量与印楝诱导烟草抗炭疽病相关。印楝种子甲醇提取物对烟草抗氧化酶活性的影响最大,其丙酮流分段在处理后6和96 h诱导烟草的总酚含量较对照明显提高,分别为对照的2.52和3.34倍,且其诱导烟草抗炭疽病的能力最强,病情指数(25.00%)显著低于对照(69.17%)。【结论】印楝种子提取物通过诱导提高PPO和POD抗病相关酶活性及诱导NPR1、NtRar1、NtSGT1和PR1a等抗病相关基因的表达产生抗炭疽病作用,且诱导活性成分主要存在于甲醇提取物的丙酮流分,其可作为烟草炭疽病的诱抗剂推广应用于烟草生产。【Objective】The purpose of the paper was to study the induced resistance mechanism of neem against tobacco anthrax and provide theoretical basis for biological control of tobacco anthrax.【Method】The control efficacy on tobacco anthrax treated with neem seed powder in soils was determined.Expression of resistant genes(NTF6,NtLox,NtSGT1,NtPAL,NtPDF,NPR1,NtRar1 and PR1a)in tobacco treated with neem seed powder were tested by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).The effects of foliage spraying different neem seed extracts(methanol,ethyl acetate and petroleum ether)solutions on activities of antioxidases were compared.The total phenol contents in tobacco and induced resistances treated with different flow sections of neem seed powder methanol extracts were determined.【Result】The disease index of tobacco anthrax treated with neem seed powder extract by root application was 26.67%,while that of control group was 74.17%.It was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05,the same below).qRT-PCR test indicated that expression of resistant genes(NPR1,PR1a,NtRar1 and NtSGT1)were related to induced tobacco anthrax resistance by neem.The methanol extract of neem seed affected mostly the activity of antioxidant enzymes in tobacco.The total phenol contents induced in tobacco at acetone stream segmentation increased compared with the control at 6 and 96 h,and were as 2.52 times and 3.34 times as that of control respectively.In addition,its ability to induce tobacco anthrax resistance was the strongest,and its disease index(25.00%)was significantly lower than that of control group(69.17%).Neem seed extract create resistance to tobacco anthrax by increasing activities of disease resistance related enzymes PPO and POD and inducing the expression of disease resistance related genes NPR1,PR1a,NtSCT1 and NtRar1.And the induced active components mainly exist in methanol extract acetone flow.Therefore,neem methanol extract acetone flow can be used as resistance inducer of tobacco anthrax in tobacco produc

关 键 词：烟草 炭疽病 印楝种子粗提物 诱导抗性 抗性机理 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]