基于计算流体力学技术的大尺度复杂地形山区风环境模拟——以石溪乡为例  

Wind Environment Simulation in the Complex Terrain of Mountain Area with Large Scale on the Basis of CFD: Taking Shixi Township as an Example

作　　者：裘国平[1] 章俊屾 杨振文[2] 孙易吟 QIU Guoping;ZHANG Junshen;YANG Zhenwen;SUN Yiyin

机构地区：[1]浙江大学城乡规划设计研究院有限公司 [2]浙江大学城乡规划设计研究院有限公司总师办 [3]浙江大学城乡规划设计研究院有限公司合约与总承包管理部

出　　处：《小城镇建设》2019年第3期63-70,共8页DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS

摘　　要：我国的城市规划设计中常会涉及到"环境品质""绿色通廊""人居环境"等概念,这些都需要对风环境的研究及应用。本文基于CFD(计算流体力学)技术,以浙江省丽水市青田县石溪乡为研究对象,围绕近地表低空区域,模拟山区乡村区域的风速场,并对其风环境特征的规划设计展开相应的深入研究。研究结果表明:即使模拟区域的地形复杂、计算范围广,仍可通过分步计算控制法对大尺度模型进行CFD模拟分析,并给出合理的风场结构;不仅如此,在山区乡村规划设计中,人居活动区应尽量远离在山体附近,减小环境风回流区对人居安全带来的风险,进一步证明了山体对建筑表面风速分布的影响不容忽略。最后,本文认为"风环境"可作为山区乡村规划的一个评价指标,提供一定的定量分析及参考依据,为提高人居环境品质提供规划设计思路。The concepts of"environmental quality""green corridor"and"human settlement environment"are usually involved in urban planning and design in China,which are the preliminary studies and applications of wind environment.Therefore,based on CFD technology,this paper takes Shixi Township,Qingtian County,as the research object,simulates the wind speed field in the rural area of mountainous zone around the near surface low altitude area,and carries on the corresponding research to the planning and designing of wind environment characteristics.The results show that despite the complex terrain and wide computing range of the stimulating area,the CFD simulation analysis of the large-scale model can be carried out by the stepwise computational control method,and the reasonable wind field structure can be obtained.What's more,the human settlement area should be far away from the mountain so as to reduce the risk of the environmental wind return zone to the human settlement safety,which acts as a further prove that the influence of the mountain body on the wind velocity distribution on the building surface should not be ignored.Finally,this paper holds that"wind environment"can be applied as an evaluation index for rural planning in mountainous areas,which can provide certain quantitative analysis and referential information,and suggest planning and designing ideas for improving the quality of human settlement.

关 键 词：乡村规划 大尺度复杂地形 山区 风环境 石溪乡 CFD 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]